fru
Danish
Etymology
A short form of frue (“mistress, lady, wife”). Titles tend to be shortened in a pretonic position in Danish, compare herre > hr. (“Mr.”), konge > kong (“King ...”), greve > grev (“Count ...”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fru/, [ˈfʁ̥u], [ˈfʁ̥o]
Noun
fru (abbreviated fr., uninflected)
- (title) Mrs
Usage notes
- Used prefixed with a personal name, e.g. Kender De fru Pedersen? (Do you know Mrs Pedersen?").
- It is now used regardless of the marital status of the person, though frøken (“Ms.”) was earlier used when referring to an unmarried woman. In the present Danish language, it is unusual to refer to another person with a title and the last name, even in formal contexts.
Irish
Pronoun
fru (emphatic frusan)
- alternative form of faru
Mutation
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| fru | fhru | bhfru |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “fru”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Norn
Etymology
From Old Norse frú, from Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ.
Noun
fru f
Norwegian Bokmål
Noun
fru (abbreviated fr.)
- Mrs (Used when addressing a married woman followed by her last name - or (usually on letters, etc.) even with her full name)
- God morgen, fru Hansen.
- Good morning, Mrs Hansen.
Related terms
References
- “fru” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /frʉː/
Noun
fru f (abbreviated fr.)
- (indeclinable) Mrs (Used when addressing a married woman followed by her last name - or (usually on letters, etc.) even with her full name)
- God morgon, fru Hansen.
- Good morning, Mrs Hansen.
- (rare) alternative form of frue
References
- “fru” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams
Old French
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Vulgar Latin *frocum.
Noun
fru oblique singular, m (oblique plural frus, nominative singular frus, nominative plural fru)
- rook (bird)
Derived terms
- frias
- frion
- fruain
Descendants
References
- “fru”, in DEAF: Dictionnaire Étymologique de l'Ancien Français, Heidelberg: Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1968-.
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*hrôk”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 16: Germanismes: G–R, page 247
Sranan Tongo
Etymology
Preposition
fru
- Only used in the adverbial phrase wan fru wan (one by one).
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish frugha from Old Saxon frūa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /frʉː/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ʉː
Noun
fru c
- wife; married woman
- (dated) Mrs; title used before a married woman's surname
- Note: After the you-reform of the 1960's and 70's usage of the first name is seen as more proper, except under the most formal circumstances.
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | fru | frus |
| definite | frun | fruns | |
| plural | indefinite | fruar | fruars |
| definite | fruarna | fruarnas |
Antonyms
Related terms
See also
References
- fru in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- fru in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- fru in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)