gaeaf
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (North Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˈɡeɨ̯av/
- (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈɡeɨ̯a/
- (South Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˈɡei̯av/
- (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈɡei̯a/
- Rhymes: -eɨ̯av
Etymology 1
From Middle Welsh gayaf, from Old Welsh gaem, from Proto-Celtic *gyemos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰyem-.
Celtic cognates include Cornish gwav, Breton goañv, Old Irish gam (Irish geimhreadh). Indo-European cognates include Latin hiems, Ancient Greek χεῖμα (kheîma), Old Church Slavonic зима (zima), Sanskrit हिम (hima).
Noun
gaeaf m (plural gaeafau or gaeafoedd)
Derived terms
- berwr y gaeaf (“wintercress”)
- bleidd-dag y gaeaf (“winter aconite”)
- byrddydd gaeaf (“winter solstice”)
- cynhaeaf (“harvest”)
- gaeafaidd (“wintry”, adjective)
- gaeafgwsg (“hibernation”)
- gaeafgysgu (“hibernate”, verb)
- gaeafol (“wintry”, adjective)
- gaeafu (“winter; winterize”, verb)
- heuldro'r gaeaf (“winter solstice”)
Mutation
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
|---|---|---|---|
| gaeaf | aeaf | ngaeaf | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
See also
| Seasons in Welsh · tymhorau (layout · text) · category | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| gwanwyn (“spring”) | haf (“summer”) | hydref (“autumn”) | gaeaf (“winter”) |
Etymology 2
Verb
gaeaf
- soft mutation of caeaf