harus

Finnish

Etymology

Unknown. Originally only found in southwestern dialects (on islands in the Archipelago Sea). Akin to dialectal Estonian harus (found in dialects spoken on islands in the West Estonian archipelago). Possibly a borrowing in either direction or from a common third source.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈhɑrus/, [ˈhɑ̝rus̠]
  • Rhymes: -ɑrus
  • Syllabification(key): ha‧rus
  • Hyphenation(key): ha‧rus

Noun

harus

  1. stay, guy, guyline (rope or wire supporting a structural element)
  2. (nautical) stay (wire or rope that supports the mast of a vessel lengthwise)
    Synonym: staagi
  3. (nautical) guy, guyline (support to secure or steady something prone to shift its position or be carried away)

Usage notes

Dialectal distribution of harus (“guyline”)
  • Northern Southwest Finland (Pohjoinen Varsinais-Suomi) [Southwestern dialects]
    • Kustavi, Rymättylä

The classification of and data for regional dialects is based on pre-1950s data. Since the 1950s, the dialects have become increasingly mixed, levelled and influenced by Standard Finnish. Besides Standard Finnish, a relatively uniform and originally urban 'colloquial Finnish' is beginning to emerge in their place, especially in the cities.

Source: Suomen murteiden sanakirja by Kotimaisten kielten keskus (CC BY 4.0); see the information for the background image for its sources and licensing

Declension

Inflection of harus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative harus harukset
genitive haruksen harusten
haruksien
partitive harusta haruksia
illative harukseen haruksiin
singular plural
nominative harus harukset
accusative nom. harus harukset
gen. haruksen
genitive haruksen harusten
haruksien
partitive harusta haruksia
inessive haruksessa haruksissa
elative haruksesta haruksista
illative harukseen haruksiin
adessive haruksella haruksilla
ablative harukselta haruksilta
allative harukselle haruksille
essive haruksena haruksina
translative harukseksi haruksiksi
abessive haruksetta haruksitta
instructive — haruksin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of harus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative harukseni harukseni
accusative nom. harukseni harukseni
gen. harukseni
genitive harukseni harusteni
haruksieni
partitive harustani haruksiani
inessive haruksessani haruksissani
elative haruksestani haruksistani
illative harukseeni haruksiini
adessive haruksellani haruksillani
ablative harukseltani haruksiltani
allative harukselleni haruksilleni
essive haruksenani haruksinani
translative haruksekseni haruksikseni
abessive haruksettani haruksittani
instructive — —
comitative — haruksineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative haruksesi haruksesi
accusative nom. haruksesi haruksesi
gen. haruksesi
genitive haruksesi harustesi
haruksiesi
partitive harustasi haruksiasi
inessive haruksessasi haruksissasi
elative haruksestasi haruksistasi
illative harukseesi haruksiisi
adessive haruksellasi haruksillasi
ablative harukseltasi haruksiltasi
allative haruksellesi haruksillesi
essive haruksenasi haruksinasi
translative harukseksesi haruksiksesi
abessive haruksettasi haruksittasi
instructive — —
comitative — haruksinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative haruksemme haruksemme
accusative nom. haruksemme haruksemme
gen. haruksemme
genitive haruksemme harustemme
haruksiemme
partitive harustamme haruksiamme
inessive haruksessamme haruksissamme
elative haruksestamme haruksistamme
illative harukseemme haruksiimme
adessive haruksellamme haruksillamme
ablative harukseltamme haruksiltamme
allative haruksellemme haruksillemme
essive haruksenamme haruksinamme
translative harukseksemme haruksiksemme
abessive haruksettamme haruksittamme
instructive — —
comitative — haruksinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative haruksenne haruksenne
accusative nom. haruksenne haruksenne
gen. haruksenne
genitive haruksenne harustenne
haruksienne
partitive harustanne haruksianne
inessive haruksessanne haruksissanne
elative haruksestanne haruksistanne
illative harukseenne haruksiinne
adessive haruksellanne haruksillanne
ablative harukseltanne haruksiltanne
allative haruksellenne haruksillenne
essive haruksenanne haruksinanne
translative harukseksenne haruksiksenne
abessive haruksettanne haruksittanne
instructive — —
comitative — haruksinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative haruksensa haruksensa
accusative nom. haruksensa haruksensa
gen. haruksensa
genitive haruksensa harustensa
haruksiensa
partitive harustaan
harustansa 		haruksiaan
haruksiansa
inessive haruksessaan
haruksessansa 		haruksissaan
haruksissansa
elative haruksestaan
haruksestansa 		haruksistaan
haruksistansa
illative harukseensa haruksiinsa
adessive haruksellaan
haruksellansa 		haruksillaan
haruksillansa
ablative harukseltaan
harukseltansa 		haruksiltaan
haruksiltansa
allative harukselleen
haruksellensa 		haruksilleen
haruksillensa
essive haruksenaan
haruksenansa 		haruksinaan
haruksinansa
translative haruksekseen
harukseksensa 		haruksikseen
haruksiksensa
abessive haruksettaan
haruksettansa 		haruksittaan
haruksittansa
instructive — —
comitative — haruksineen
haruksinensa

Derived terms

compounds

Further reading

Anagrams

Indonesian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Malay harus.

Pronunciation

Adverb

harus

  1. have to, must, should (indicates obligation)

Derived terms

Adjective

harus

  1. (obsolete) permissible
    Synonyms: jaiz, mubah

Further reading

Malay

Pronunciation

  • Rhymes: -us

Adverb

harus (Jawi spelling هاروس)

  1. have to, must, should

Synonyms

Descendants

  • > Indonesian: harus (inherited)

Further reading

Old Javanese

Noun

harus

  1. alternative spelling of arus (“water current, tidal current, breaker”)
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