hepo

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hëpo, cognate with Estonian hobu, Karelian hepo / hebo, Veps hepo, Livonian ibbi, Votic õpo, Votic opo. Possibly a loan from a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos, such as Proto-Germanic *ehwaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈhepo/, [ˈhe̞po̞]
  • Rhymes: -epo
  • Syllabification(key): he‧po
  • Hyphenation(key): he‧po

Noun

hepo

  1. (poetic) synonym of hevonen (“horse”)
  2. (colloquial) heroin
    Synonyms: see heroiini

Usage notes

  • (horse): Rare in general usage, although common in sayings, idioms and in metaphorical use.

Declension

Inflection of hepo (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation)
nominative hepo hevot
genitive hevon hepojen
partitive hepoa hepoja
illative hepoon hepoihin
singular plural
nominative hepo hevot
accusative nom. hepo hevot
gen. hevon
genitive hevon hepojen
partitive hepoa hepoja
inessive hevossa hevoissa
elative hevosta hevoista
illative hepoon hepoihin
adessive hevolla hevoilla
ablative hevolta hevoilta
allative hevolle hevoille
essive hepona hepoina
translative hevoksi hevoiksi
abessive hevotta hevoitta
instructive — hevoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of hepo (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative heponi heponi
accusative nom. heponi heponi
gen. heponi
genitive heponi hepojeni
partitive hepoani hepojani
inessive hevossani hevoissani
elative hevostani hevoistani
illative hepooni hepoihini
adessive hevollani hevoillani
ablative hevoltani hevoiltani
allative hevolleni hevoilleni
essive heponani hepoinani
translative hevokseni hevoikseni
abessive hevottani hevoittani
instructive — —
comitative — hepoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative heposi heposi
accusative nom. heposi heposi
gen. heposi
genitive heposi hepojesi
partitive hepoasi hepojasi
inessive hevossasi hevoissasi
elative hevostasi hevoistasi
illative hepoosi hepoihisi
adessive hevollasi hevoillasi
ablative hevoltasi hevoiltasi
allative hevollesi hevoillesi
essive heponasi hepoinasi
translative hevoksesi hevoiksesi
abessive hevottasi hevoittasi
instructive — —
comitative — hepoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative hepomme hepomme
accusative nom. hepomme hepomme
gen. hepomme
genitive hepomme hepojemme
partitive hepoamme hepojamme
inessive hevossamme hevoissamme
elative hevostamme hevoistamme
illative hepoomme hepoihimme
adessive hevollamme hevoillamme
ablative hevoltamme hevoiltamme
allative hevollemme hevoillemme
essive heponamme hepoinamme
translative hevoksemme hevoiksemme
abessive hevottamme hevoittamme
instructive — —
comitative — hepoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative heponne heponne
accusative nom. heponne heponne
gen. heponne
genitive heponne hepojenne
partitive hepoanne hepojanne
inessive hevossanne hevoissanne
elative hevostanne hevoistanne
illative hepoonne hepoihinne
adessive hevollanne hevoillanne
ablative hevoltanne hevoiltanne
allative hevollenne hevoillenne
essive heponanne hepoinanne
translative hevoksenne hevoiksenne
abessive hevottanne hevoittanne
instructive — —
comitative — hepoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative heponsa heponsa
accusative nom. heponsa heponsa
gen. heponsa
genitive heponsa hepojensa
partitive hepoaan
hepoansa 		hepojaan
hepojansa
inessive hevossaan
hevossansa 		hevoissaan
hevoissansa
elative hevostaan
hevostansa 		hevoistaan
hevoistansa
illative hepoonsa hepoihinsa
adessive hevollaan
hevollansa 		hevoillaan
hevoillansa
ablative hevoltaan
hevoltansa 		hevoiltaan
hevoiltansa
allative hevolleen
hevollensa 		hevoilleen
hevoillensa
essive heponaan
heponansa 		hepoinaan
hepoinansa
translative hevokseen
hevoksensa 		hevoikseen
hevoiksensa
abessive hevottaan
hevottansa 		hevoittaan
hevoittansa
instructive — —
comitative — hepoineen
hepoinensa

Derived terms

compounds

References

  • Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN

Further reading

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hëpo. Cognates include Finnish hepo and Estonian hobu.

Pronunciation

  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈhepo/, [ˈhe̞po̞]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈhepo/, [ˈhe̞b̥o̞]
  • Rhymes: -epo
  • Hyphenation: he‧po

Noun

hepo

  1. piggyback
  2. sheaf of grain made by forming a piramid of two three bundles

Declension

Declension of hepo (type 4/koivu, p-v gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative hepo hevot
genitive hevon heppoin, hepoloin
partitive heppoa hepoja, hepoloja
illative heppoo heppoi, hepoloihe
inessive hevos hevois, hepolois
elative hevost hevoist, hepoloist
allative hevolle hevoille, hepoloille
adessive hevol hevoil, hepoloil
ablative hevolt hevoilt, hepoloilt
translative hevoks hevoiks, hepoloiks
essive heponna, heppoon hepoinna, hepoloinna, heppoin, hepoloin
exessive1) hepont hepoint, hepoloint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 53

Karelian

Regional variants of hepo
North Karelian
(Viena) 		hepo
South Karelian
(Tver) 		hebo

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hëpo. Cognates include Finnish hepo and Veps hebo.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈhepo/
  • Hyphenation: he‧po

Noun

hepo (genitive hevon, partitive hepuo)

  1. (North Karelian) horse

Declension

Viena Karelian declension of hepo (type 1/tyttö, p-v gradation)
singular plural
nominative hepo hevot
genitive hevon hepojen
partitive hepuo hepoja
illative hepoh hepoloih
inessive hevošša hepoloissa
elative hevošta hepoloista
adessive hevolla hepoloilla
ablative hevolta hepoloilta
translative hevokši hepoloiksi
essive hepona hepoloina
comitative — hepoloineh
abessive hevotta hepoloitta
Possessive forms of hepo
1st person heponi
2nd person hepoš
3rd person hepoh
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References

  • P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) “hepo”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN
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