hiányzik

hiány +‎ -zik

• IPA^(key): [ˈhijaːɲzik]

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• Hyphenation: hi‧ány‧zik
• Rhymes: -aːɲzik

hiányzik

1. (intransitive) to be absent

   Synonym: távol van

   • 1899, Endre Ady, Színházban‎^[1]:

     Nincs egy tűrhető szereplő, / Unalmas, rossz mindahány, / Ha hiányzik páholyából / Az az édes, barna lány.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (intransitive) to be missing, missed (in emotional sense as well)

   Hiányzom neked, ugye? ― You miss me, don't you? (literally, “I am missing for you,…”)

   Nagyon hiányzol [nekem]. ― I miss you very much. (literally, “…you are missing [for me].”)

   Ő hiányzik nekünk. ― We miss him/her. (literally, “S/he is missing for us.”)

This verb is used in everyday speech (as opposed to the closer equivalent of “to miss”, hiányol) when someone misses another person, an animal, or an object, but its argument structure is different. For example, to express “Robbie misses his wife”, the literal translation would be Robi hiányolja a feleségét, but the more common way to express it is Robinak hiányzik a felesége, where the subject of the sentence is the wife and Robbie is expressed with the dative (-nak). The subject of certain verbs is not someone who acts but a stimulus that prompts sensory or emotional feelings, like when things interest someone, matter to someone, please someone or appeal to someone. In these cases, the experiencer can take the accusative (e.g. interest) or the dative (e.g. appeal). The experiencer is expressed with the dative in the case of hiányzik (“to be missing or missed by someone”), ízlik (“to taste good”), kell (“to be needed, necessary, or required”), tetszik (“to be appealing”), and van/megvan (“to be had, to be owned by someone”).
If the experiencer is expressed with the accusative, third-person objects (him, her, it, or them) are considered definite, while first- and second-person objects (me, us, and you), indefinite. For example, the verb érdekel can take the definite form érdekli őt (“he/she is interested”, literally “it interests him/her”) or the indefinite form érdekel engem/​téged/​minket (“I am, you are, we are interested”, literally “it interests me, you, us”). The form érdekellek means “you are interested in me” (literally, “I interest you”). — Similar verbs include zavar (“to be bothered by”) and izgat (“to be intrigued by”).^[1]

• hiányzik in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.