ízlik

Hungarian

Etymology

íz (taste, flavor) +‎ -lik (reflexive / intransitive verb-forming suffix)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈiːzlik]
  • Hyphenation: íz‧lik
  • Rhymes: -iːzlik

Verb

ízlik

  1. (intransitive, of food, drink) to taste good, to be to one’s taste (the one who tastes is expressed by -nak/-nek)
    Hogy ízlik (neked) a sütemény? (note: neked/nektek/önnek/önöknek (to you) is usually omitted)How do you like the cake? (literally, “How does the cake appeal to you?”)

Usage notes

  • The subject of certain verbs is not someone who acts but a stimulus that prompts sensory or emotional feelings, like when things interest someone, matter to someone, please someone or appeal to someone. In these cases, the experiencer can take the accusative (e.g. interest) or the dative (e.g. appeal). The experiencer is expressed with the dative in the case of hiányzik (to be missing or missed by someone), ízlik (to taste good), kell (to be needed, necessary, or required), tetszik (to be appealing), and van/megvan (to be had, to be owned by someone).
    If the experiencer is expressed with the accusative, third-person objects (him, her, it, or them) are considered definite, while first- and second-person objects (me, us, and you), indefinite. For example, the verb érdekel can take the definite form érdekli őt (he/she is interested, literally it interests him/her) or the indefinite form érdekel engem/​téged/​minket (I am, you are, we are interested, literally it interests me, you, us). The form érdekellek means “you are interested in me” (literally, “I interest you”). — Similar verbs include zavar (to be bothered by) and izgat (to be intrigued by).[1]
  • This verb belongs among those whose subjunctive forms (as well as adverbial participle and potential) would generate a cluster of three consonants, which is hard to pronounce. To avoid it, linguistic literature usually advises inserting a vowel between the first two consonants (or in some cases, avoiding these forms altogether). However, many native speakers find it just as awkward as the triple-consonant option and shrink from using it, even refusing these forms on hearing (although people have no objection to using the same linking vowel with other verbs like oszlik or bomlik). If someone wants to avoid these forms, a synonymous verb can be used instead or the sentence can be rephrased. (Verbs that are currently categorized as not having the above forms at all are listed at Hungarian defective verbs. However, in this case there is not always a clear dividing line between uncommon and impossible.) Further reading (in Hungarian): [1] [2] [3]
    In this case, the disputed subjunctive form as in Mit tegyek bele, hogy ízeljen? (What shall I add so that you (should) enjoy it?) may be avoided e.g. by saying …hogy kedvedre való / ízlésed szerint való legyen? (…so that it should suit your liking?).

Conjugation

Conjugation of ízlik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. only 3rd-person forms ízlik only 3rd-person forms ízlenek
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. ízlett ízlettek
def.
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ízleni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef. ízle ízlének
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ízlik vala, ízlett vala/volt.
archaic future indef. ízlend ízlendenek
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. ízlene ízlenének
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ízlett volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. the verb has no subjunctive forms
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ízlett légyen
infinitive ízleni ízlenie ízleniük
other
forms
verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
ízlés ízlő ízlett ízelve (ízelvén)
Potential conjugation of ízlik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. only 3rd-person forms ízelhet only 3rd-person forms ízelhetnek
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. ízelhetett ízelhettek
def.
2nd obj
archaic
preterite
indef. ízlhete ízlhetének
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ízelhet vala, ízelhetett vala/volt.
archaic future indef. ízelhetend
or ízlandhat
ízelhetendenek
or ízlandhatnak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. ízelhetne ízelhetnének
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ízelhetett volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. the verb has no subjunctive forms
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ízelhetett légyen
infinitive (ízelhetni) (ízelhetnie) (ízelhetniük)
other
forms
positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
(ízelhetve / ízelhetvén)

With its uncommon first- and second-person forms, as well as its somewhat controversial subjunctive forms included:

Conjugation of ízlik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. ízlek ízlesz ízlik ízlünk ízletek ízlenek
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. ízlettem ízlettél ízlett ízlettünk ízlettetek ízlettek
def.
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ízleni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef. ízlék ízlél ízle ízlénk ízlétek ízlének
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ízlik vala, ízlett vala/volt.
archaic future indef. ízlendek ízlendesz ízlend ízlendünk ízlendetek ízlendenek
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. ízlenék ízlenél ízlene ízlenénk ízlenétek ízlenének
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ízlett volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. ízeljek ízelj or
ízeljél
ízeljen ízeljünk ízeljetek ízeljenek
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ízlett légyen
infinitive ízleni ízlenem ízlened ízlenie ízlenünk ízlenetek ízleniük
other
forms
verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
ízlés ízlő ízlett ízelve (ízelvén)
Potential conjugation of ízlik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. ízelhetek ízelhetsz ízelhet ízelhetünk ízelhettek ízelhetnek
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. ízelhettem ízelhettél ízelhetett ízelhettünk ízelhettetek ízelhettek
def.
2nd obj
archaic
preterite
indef. ízlheték ízlhetél ízlhete ízlheténk ízlhetétek ízlhetének
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ízelhet vala, ízelhetett vala/volt.
archaic future indef. ízelhetendek
or ízlandhatok
ízelhetendesz
or ízlandhatsz
ízelhetend
or ízlandhat
ízelhetendünk
or ízlandhatunk
ízelhetendetek
or ízlandhattok
ízelhetendenek
or ízlandhatnak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. ízelhetnék ízelhetnél ízelhetne ízelhetnénk ízelhetnétek ízelhetnének
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ízelhetett volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. ízelhessek ízelhess or
ízelhessél
ízelhessen ízelhessünk ízelhessetek ízelhessenek
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ízelhetett légyen
infinitive (ízelhetni) (ízelhetnem) (ízelhetned) (ízelhetnie) (ízelhetnünk) (ízelhetnetek) (ízelhetniük)
other
forms
positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
(ízelhetve / ízelhetvén)

References

  1. ^ See also Verbs and adjectives that behave differently (in English vs. in Hungarian), Által (’By’), on the past participles derived from such verbs, On verbs of emotion, with special regard to their aspectual properties, especially the chart on page 3. In addition, see Thematic relation and Theta role in Wikipedia.

Further reading

  • ízlik in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.