-lik

From Dutch -lijk. False cognate of Turkish -lik.

• Audio:

  (file)

-lik

1. Forming adjectives from nouns with the sense of ‘characteristic of, pertaining to’.

Cognate with Turkish -lik (“-ness”).

• IPA^(key): [lic], [liç], [lih], [lij]

-lik

1. used to derive abstract nouns from adjectives; -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom, -ity

   ‎gözəl (“beautiful”) + ‎-lik → ‎gözəllik (“beauty”)

   ‎ölməz (“immortal”) + ‎-lik → ‎ölməzlik (“immortality”)

   ‎boş (“empty”) + ‎-lik → ‎boşluq (“emptiness”)

2. used to derive abstract nouns from nouns; -ship

   ‎üzv (“member”) + ‎-lik → ‎üzvlük (“membership”)

   ‎dost (“friend”) + ‎-lik → ‎dostluq (“friendship”)

3. used to derive nouns denoting work/jobs from nouns denoting professions

   ‎müəllim (“teacher”) + ‎-lik → ‎müəllimlik (“teaching, the work of a teacher”)

   ‎qəssab (“butcher”) + ‎-lik → ‎qəssablıq (“butchery, the trade of a butcher”)

4. used to derive nouns denoting items containing something; -ory

   ‎söz (“word”) + ‎-lik → ‎sözlük (“word-list; dictionary”)

   ‎öd (“gall”) + ‎-lik → ‎ödlük (“gall bladder”)

   ‎ox (“arrow”) + ‎-lik → ‎oxluq (“quiver”)

5. used to derive nouns denoting places characterized by abundance of something from nouns

   ‎ağac (“tree”) + ‎-lik → ‎ağaclıq (“a treey place, a place with many trees”)

   ‎kölgə (“shadow”) + ‎-lik → ‎kölgəlik (“a shady place”)

   ‎ilan (“snake”) + ‎-lik → ‎ilanlıq (“a place full of snake”)

   ‎bataq (“swamp”) + ‎-lik → ‎bataqlıq (“a swampy place”)

   ‎ocaq (“hearth”) + ‎-lik → ‎ocaqlıq (“hearthstead”)

7. used to derive adjectives from nouns; -ly

   ‎ay (“month”) + ‎-lik → ‎aylıq (“monthly”)

   ‎torba (“bag”) + ‎-lik → ‎torbalıq (“intended to be used for sewing bags”)

   ‎dağ (“mountain”) + ‎-lik → ‎dağlıq (“mountainous”)

   ‎beş nəfər (“five people”) + ‎-lik → ‎beş nəfərlik (“intended for five people”)

8. used to derive temporal adverbs from temporal adverbs and nouns; for

   ‎hələ (“still”) + ‎-lik → ‎hələlik (“yet, still, for the time being”)

   ‎həmişə (“always”) + ‎-lik → ‎həmişəlik (“for ever, permanently”)

   ‎ömür (“lifetime”) + ‎-lik → ‎ömürlük (“for life”)

9. (no longer productive) used to derive nouns denoting kinship other than by blood; step-

   Synonym: ögey

   ‎ata (“father”) + ‎-lik → ‎atalıq (“stepfather”)

   ‎ana (“mother”) + ‎-lik → ‎analıq (“step-mother”)

   ‎oğul (“son”) + ‎-lik → ‎oğulluq (“stepson”)

   ‎qız (“daughter”) + ‎-lik → ‎qızlıq (“stepdaughter”)

   ‎bacı (“sister”) + ‎-lik → ‎bacılıq (“stepsister”)

10. (no longer productive) used to derive nouns denoting clothing items

    ‎baş (“head”) + ‎-lik → ‎başlıq (“bashlyk, hood”)

    ‎gəlin (“bride”) + ‎-lik → ‎gəlinlik (“wedding dress”)

    ‎bazar (“market; Sunday”) + ‎-lik → ‎bazarlıq (“bride's garments”)

• It changes to -lıq, -luq or -lük, depending on the last vowel of the word (see also: vowel harmony).

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *-lik.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

• IPA^(key): /lic/

-lik

1. -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom

   ‎genç (“young”) + ‎-lik → ‎gençlik (“youngness”)

   ‎dost (“friend”) + ‎-lik → ‎dostluq (“friendship”)

   ‎ür (“free”) + ‎-lik → ‎ürlük (“freedom”)

2. being (like) ...

   ‎dağ (“mountain”) + ‎-lik → ‎dağlıq (“mountainous”)

3. belonging to ..., used for ..., suitable for ..., ... container

   ‎qave (“coffee”) + ‎-lik → ‎qavelik (“coffee pot”)

• By vowel harmony, the suffix may change to -lıq, -luq,, -lik, or -lük, depending on the last vowel of the word to which it is attached.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From Germanic -līk?”)

-lik (genitive -liku, partitive -likku, comparative -likum, superlative kõige -likum)

1. -ly, -ic, -al - forms adjectives from nouns or verbs.

• (Nuuk) IPA^(key): /-lik/, [-lɪk]

-lik (n-n^?, truncative^?)

1. having, provided with, owning

• Vestgrønlands Grammatik, p. 153, F.A.J. Nielsen, 2014
• -lik in Katersat

From -l (verb-forming suffix) +‎ -ik (verb-forming suffix).^[1]

• IPA^(key): [lik]

-lik

1. (frequentative-reflexive verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun or adjective to form a verb.

• (verb-forming suffix) Variants:

  -lik is added to both back-vowel and front-vowel words.

  ‎kék (“blue”) + ‎-lik → ‎kéklik (“to appear blue”)

  ‎hanyatt (“on one's back”) + ‎-lik → ‎hanyatlik (“to decline, fall, deteriorate”)

  -llik is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á. Final -e changes to -é.

  ‎barna (“brown”) + ‎-llik → ‎barnállik (“to appear in brown color”)

  ‎fekete (“black”) + ‎-llik → ‎feketéllik (“to appear in black color”)

  -allik is added to back-vowel words

  ‎nyíl (“arrow”) + ‎-allik → ‎nyilallik (“(of pain) to stab, to feel like a dagger”)

  -ollik is added to some back-vowel words

  ‎torok (“throat”) + ‎-ollik → ‎torkollik (“to end in something”)

  -ellik is added to front-vowel words

  ‎szög (“angle”) + ‎-ellik → ‎szögellik (“to stretch out at an angle”)

• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

• IPA^(key): /liːkʰ/

-lik

1. Forms adjectives from verbs

   li’ (“to roll out dough”) → li’lik (“flat”)

   oq’etaj (“to cry for something”) → oq’talik (“cried for”)

   muqtajik (“to cover”) → muqtalik (“buried”)

2. Forms adjectives from nouns

   jäb (“rain”) → jäbalik (“watered”)

   kotokik (“turn; bend”) → kotolik (“coiled”)

• Allen J. Christenson, Kʼiche-English dictionary

-lik

1. alternative form of -ly (“adjectival suffix”)

-lik

1. alternative form of -ly (“adverbial suffix”)

From the adjective lik (“similar”).

-lik

1. -like, -ish

   Synonyms: -artad, -aktig

• kil

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـلك (-lik), from Proto-Turkic *-lik.

• IPA^(key): /lik/, [lic]

• Audio:

  (file)

-lik

1. -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom

   ‎genç (“young”) + ‎-lik → ‎gençlik (“youth”)

   ‎anne (“mother”) + ‎-lik → ‎annelik (“motherhood”)

   ‎üye (“member”) + ‎-lik → ‎üyelik (“membership”)

   ‎kral (“king”) + ‎-lik → ‎krallık (“kingdom”)

   ‎özgür (“free”) + ‎-lik → ‎özgürlük (“freedom”)

2. being (like) ...

   ‎aydın (“bright”) + ‎-lik → ‎aydınlık (“enlightenment; being lit up or brightened”)

   ‎dağ (“mountain”) + ‎-lik → ‎dağlık (“mountainous”)

3. belonging to ..., used for ..., suitable for ..., ... container

   ‎salça (“sauce”) + ‎-lik → ‎salçalık (“sauceboat; suitable for making a sauce”)

   ‎kalem (“pencil”) + ‎-lik → ‎kalemlik (“pencil case”)

4. Lasting for a period of time

   beş dakikalık bir video ― a five-minute-long video

5. old

   üç aylık bebek ― a three-month-old baby

6. (uncommon) year-old

   on iki'lik kız ― twelve-year-old girl

• Used with nouns or adjectives and may yield a noun or adjective. Often found appended to verbal nouns. For example, the verb atıştırmak (“to snack”) yields atıştırma (“snacking”) and thus atıştırmalık, which can mean both “snack” and “suitable for snacking”.

• Greek: -λίκι (-líki)

Inherited from Chagatai ـلیق (-lıq), ـلیک (-lik), ـلوق (-luq), ـلوک (-lük), from Proto-Turkic *-lik.

-lik

1. -ness
2. Suffix forming various demonyms.