immdích

Middle Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish imm·dích, attested mainly in legal texts.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /imʲˈdʲiːxʲ/

Verb

imm·dích

to protect, to defend
Synonym: ditnid
- c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, line 2:
  Im·dīched in cú Laigniu huili.
  The dog protected all Leinster.

Inflection

Third-person singular imperfect deuterotonic: im·díched

Mutation

Mutation of *immdích*
radical	lenition	nasalization
immdích	immdích pronounced with /-ð(ʲ)-/	immndích

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Middle Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “immdích”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Irish

Etymology

From imm- +‎ dí- +‎ fichid.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [imʲˈdʲiːxʲ]

Verb

imm·dích (prototonic ·imdich, verbal noun imdegal)

to protect, save, defend against
- c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy
  Im·dích dliged a chéle cintaib cuir, cáin, cairddi[u], co neoch ata·llen.
  He defends the rights of his clients in regard to liabilities arising from contract, written law and whatever follows therefrom. [translation by DIL entries for ad·len and cáin]
- c. 700–1200 Táin Bó Cúailnge, from the Lebor na hUídre, LU 5028
  [Ocus] im·díus-[s]a Mag Murthemne uile.
  And I will protect all of Mag Murthemne.
Synonyms: aingid, do·eim, snáidid

Inflection

Complex, class B I present, s future
		active						passive
		singular			plural			singular	plural
		1^st	2^nd	3^rd	1^st	2^nd	3^rd	singular	plural
present indicative	deut.			imm·dích			ima·dichet
present indicative	prot.			·imdich

imperfect indicative	deut.						ima·dichitis
imperfect indicative	prot.

preterite	deut.
preterite	prot.

perfect	deut.
perfect	prot.

future	deut.	im·díus
future	prot.

conditional	deut.
conditional	prot.

present subjunctive	deut.
present subjunctive	prot.

past subjunctive	deut.
past subjunctive	prot.

imperative

verbal noun		imdegal
past participle
verbal of necessity

Descendants

Middle Irish: imm·dích

Mutation

Mutation of *immdích*
radical	lenition	nasalization
immdích (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	immdích	n-immdích

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “immdích”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language