indurer
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/
Audio (Lyon): (file)
Verb
indurer
- (transitive) to harden (a body tissue)
Conjugation
Conjugation of indurer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | indurer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | indurant /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | induré /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | indure /ɛ̃.dyʁ/ |
indures /ɛ̃.dyʁ/ |
indure /ɛ̃.dyʁ/ |
indurons /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɔ̃/ |
indurez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/ |
indurent /ɛ̃.dyʁ/ |
| imperfect | indurais /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/ |
indurais /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/ |
indurait /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/ |
indurions /ɛ̃.dy.ʁjɔ̃/ |
induriez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁje/ |
induraient /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | indurai /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/ |
induras /ɛ̃.dy.ʁa/ |
indura /ɛ̃.dy.ʁa/ |
indurâmes /ɛ̃.dy.ʁam/ |
indurâtes /ɛ̃.dy.ʁat/ |
indurèrent /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛʁ/ | |
| future | indurerai /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁe/ |
indureras /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁa/ |
indurera /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁa/ |
indurerons /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ |
indurerez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁe/ |
indureront /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | indurerais /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
indurerais /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
indurerait /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
indurerions /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
indureriez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁje/ |
indureraient /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | indure /ɛ̃.dyʁ/ |
indures /ɛ̃.dyʁ/ |
indure /ɛ̃.dyʁ/ |
indurions /ɛ̃.dy.ʁjɔ̃/ |
induriez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁje/ |
indurent /ɛ̃.dyʁ/ |
| imperfect2 | indurasse /ɛ̃.dy.ʁas/ |
indurasses /ɛ̃.dy.ʁas/ |
indurât /ɛ̃.dy.ʁa/ |
indurassions /ɛ̃.dy.ʁa.sjɔ̃/ |
indurassiez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁa.sje/ |
indurassent /ɛ̃.dy.ʁas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | indure /ɛ̃.dyʁ/ |
— | indurons /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɔ̃/ |
indurez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “indurer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin
Verb
indūrer
- first-person singular present passive subjunctive of indūrō