ithe

See also: -ithe

Irish

Pronunciation

(Munster) IPA^(key): /ˈihɪ/^[1]
(Galway) IPA^(key): /ˈiːhə/, /ˈiː.ə/, /iə/^[2], /iː/^[3], /i/^[4]
(Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈiçə/^[5]^[6]
Homophones: aoi, í, Í, íoth, oíche, uí, Uí (some Galway pronunciations)

Verb

ithe

inflection of ith:
1. analytic present subjunctive
2. (obsolete) second-person singular present indicative

Noun

ithe m (genitive singular ite)

verbal noun of ith
eating

Declension

(as verbal noun):

Declension of ithe (irregular, no plural)

bare forms
	singular
nominative	ithe
vocative	a ithe
genitive	ite
dative	ithe

forms with the definite article
	singular
nominative	an t-ithe
genitive	an ite
dative	leis an ithe don ithe

(as regular noun):

Declension of ithe (fourth declension, no plural)

bare forms
	singular
nominative	ithe
vocative	a ithe
genitive	ithe
dative	ithe

forms with the definite article
	singular
nominative	an t-ithe
genitive	an ithe
dative	leis an ithe don ithe

Mutation

Mutated forms of *ithe*
radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
ithe	n-ithe	hithe	t-ithe

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 132, page 69
^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 144
^ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1977) Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An Deilbhíocht [The Irish of Cois Fharraige: Accidence] (in Irish), 2nd edition, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 143, page 61
^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 277
^ de Búrca, Seán (1958) The Irish of Tourmakeady, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 403.60, page 89
^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 191, page 73

Kikuyu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ìðɛ̌/

As for Tonal Class, Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 2 with a disyllabic stem, together with kĩgunyũ, njagĩ, kiugũ, and so on.

(Kiambu)

(Limuru) As for Tonal Class, Yukawa (1981) classifies this term into a group including gĩkwa (pl. ikwa), ithangũ (pl. mathangũ), kiugũ, kĩboko, kĩgunyũ, kĩnya, kĩroboto, kĩrũũmi, mbogo, mũcinga, mũgate, mũhaka, mũrangi, mũrũthi, ndaraca, ndirica, njohi, nyũmba, thĩ, and so on.^[1]

Noun

ithe class 1

his or her father

Derived terms

(Proverbs)

gũtirĩ mwana ũngĩtema agĩtemera ithe
ithe wa thaka ndarĩ matũ
mwana mũkũrũ na ithe nĩ hamwe
mwana ndahũragwo ithe arĩ ho
mwana ndetagia ithe nyama
mwana wa rwendo arĩaga nyina na ithe
mwathwo nĩ nda a(a)kĩra/arũgĩ(ĩ)te mwathwo nĩ ithe
ũrĩ ithe ndaringagwo ya ngoro

References

^ Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.

“ithe” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 192. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Middle English

Noun

ithe

alternative form of ythe

Old Irish

Alternative forms

hithe

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈiθʲe/

Noun

ithe f

verbal noun of ithid
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 102^a15
  Itius anúas ⁊ dus·claid anís; air ní foircnea in fíni hithe neich di anúas, amal du·ngní int aís sechmaill as·mbeir-som .i. air is cuit adaill ad·n-ellat-sidi in fíni du thabairt neich doib dia thorud.
  They eat it from above and he roots it up from below; for it does not exterminate the vine to eat of anything of it from above, as do the passers-by whom he speaks of, i.e. for it is only a passing visit that they make [lit: ‘that they visit’] to the vine to take something for themselves of its fruit.

Inflection

Feminine iā-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ithe^L	ithi^L	ithi
vocative	ithe^L	ithi^L	ithi
accusative	ithi^N	ithi^L	ithi
genitive	ithe	ithe^L	ithe^N
dative	ithi^L	ithib	ithib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

^H = triggers aspiration
^L = triggers lenition
^N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

Mutation of *ithe*
radical	lenition	nasalization
ithe (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	ithe	n-ithe

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈiçə/

Noun

ithe f

verbal noun of ith (“to eat”)

Mutation

Mutation of *ithe*
radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
ithe	n-ithe	h-ithe	t-ithe

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

[1] Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 132, page 69

[2] Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 144

[3] Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1977) Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An Deilbhíocht [The Irish of Cois Fharraige: Accidence] (in Irish), 2nd edition, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 143, page 61

[4] Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 277

[5] Búrca, Seán (1958) The Irish of Tourmakeady, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 403.60, page 89

[6] Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 191, page 73

[yy1981-7] Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.

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