kalunya

• calunia, caluniya, calunya, ngalonya — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
• kaalunya — dated
• kaluniya, ngalunya — obsolete

Either from the following:

• Borrowed from Malay karunia (“kindness; compassion; love; blessing”), variant of kurnia, from Sanskrit कारुण्य (kāruṇya, “loving kindness; compassion”).
• From contraction of kaalunya, from ka- +‎ alunya, according to Panganiban (1973).
• From ka- +‎ lunya, according to Fr. San Buena Ventura (1613).

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˌkalunˈjaʔ/ [ˌkaː.lʊnˈɲaʔ], /kalunˈjaʔ/ [kɐ.lʊnˈɲaʔ]
  • IPA^(key): (no palatal assimilation) /ˌkalunˈjaʔ/ [ˌkaː.lʊn̪ˈjaʔ], (no palatal assimilation) /kalunˈjaʔ/ [kɐ.lʊn̪ˈjaʔ]
• Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: ka‧lun‧ya

kálunyâ or kalunyâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜓᜈ᜔ᜌ)

1. concubine; paramour

   Synonyms: kaapid, kerida, kulasisi, kalaguyo, kaasawa, (female) babae, (male) lalaki, patiki, kaagulo, (colloquial) kabit, (colloquial) bata, amante, (obsolete) pangapol

• “kalunya”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
• “kalunya”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Serrano-Laktaw, Pedro (1914) Diccionario tagálog-hispano, Ateneo de Manila, page 438.
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎^[1] (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier, page 78: “CALUNIYÁ. pp. Amiga in malam partem.”
• Santos, Fr. Domingo de los (1835) Tomas Oliva, editor, Vocabulario de la lengua tagala: primera, y segunda parte.‎^[2] (in Spanish), La imprenta nueva de D. Jose Maria Dayot, page 75: “Amancebarse. Calunya (pc) y este és el proprio”
• San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎^[3], La Noble Villa de Pila
  • page 52: “Amigo) Calunia [(pc)] en mala parte”
  • page 404: “Mançebo) Calunya [(pc)] en mala parte”
• Zorc, David Paul (1981) Core Etymological Dictionary of Filipino: Part 2, page 71