obstruo

Latin

Etymology

From ob- +‎ struō.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɔp.stru.oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɔb.st̪ru.o]

Verb

obstruō (present infinitive obstruere, perfect active obstrūxī, supine obstrūctum); third conjugation

to build before or against; build, block, or wall up; stop up, barricade, render impassable
Synonyms: claudō, obstō, intersaepio, officiō, premō, assideō, obsideō
to obstruct, stop up, hinder, impede
Synonyms: saepiō, obstō, impediō, arceō, intersaepio, inclūdō, perimō, officiō, comprimō
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.438–440:
  [...] Sed nūllīs ille movētur / flētibus, aut vōcēs ūllās tractābilis audit: / Fāta obstant, placidāsque virī deus obstruit aurīs.
  But [Aeneas] was moved by no tears, and yields to none of the pleas he is hearing: The Fates oppose [it], and a god obstructs the man’s placid ears.

Conjugation

Conjugation of obstruō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	obstruō	obstruis		obstruit	obstruimus	obstruitis		obstruunt
	imperfect	obstruēbam	obstruēbās		obstruēbat	obstruēbāmus	obstruēbātis		obstruēbant
	future	obstruam	obstruēs		obstruet	obstruēmus	obstruētis		obstruent
	perfect	obstrūxī	obstrūxistī		obstrūxit	obstrūximus	obstrūxistis		obstrūxērunt, obstrūxēre
	pluperfect	obstrūxeram	obstrūxerās		obstrūxerat	obstrūxerāmus	obstrūxerātis		obstrūxerant
	future perfect	obstrūxerō	obstrūxeris		obstrūxerit	obstrūxerimus	obstrūxeritis		obstrūxerint
passive	present	obstruor	obstrueris, obstruere		obstruitur	obstruimur	obstruiminī		obstruuntur
	imperfect	obstruēbar	obstruēbāris, obstruēbāre		obstruēbātur	obstruēbāmur	obstruēbāminī		obstruēbantur
	future	obstruar	obstruēris, obstruēre		obstruētur	obstruēmur	obstruēminī		obstruentur
	perfect	obstrūctus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	obstrūctus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	obstrūctus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	obstruam	obstruās		obstruat	obstruāmus	obstruātis		obstruant
	imperfect	obstruerem	obstruerēs		obstrueret	obstruerēmus	obstruerētis		obstruerent
	perfect	obstrūxerim	obstrūxerīs		obstrūxerit	obstrūxerīmus	obstrūxerītis		obstrūxerint
	pluperfect	obstrūxissem	obstrūxissēs		obstrūxisset	obstrūxissēmus	obstrūxissētis		obstrūxissent
passive	present	obstruar	obstruāris, obstruāre		obstruātur	obstruāmur	obstruāminī		obstruantur
	imperfect	obstruerer	obstruerēris, obstruerēre		obstruerētur	obstruerēmur	obstruerēminī		obstruerentur
	perfect	obstrūctus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	obstrūctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	obstrue		—	—	obstruite		—
active	future	—	obstruitō		obstruitō	—	obstruitōte		obstruuntō
passive	present	—	obstruere		—	—	obstruiminī		—
passive	future	—	obstruitor		obstruitor	—	—		obstruuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		obstruere		obstruī		obstruēns		—
future		obstrūctūrum esse		obstrūctum īrī		obstrūctūrus		obstruendus
perfect		obstrūxisse		obstrūctum esse		—		obstrūctus
future perfect		—		obstrūctum fore		—		—
perfect potential		obstrūctūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		obstruendī	obstruendō		obstruendum	obstruendō	obstrūctum		obstrūctū

Descendants

Catalan: obstruir
English: obstruct
French: obstruer
Galician: obstruír
Italian: ostruire
Portuguese: obstruir
Sicilian: astrùjiri
Spanish: obstruir

References

“obstruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“obstruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
obstruo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to obstruct a road; to close a route: iter obstruere
- to barricade a door (a city-gate): valvas (portam) obstruere
- to obstruct a person's view, shut out his light by building: luminibus alicuius obstruere, officere
- to barricade the gates: portas obstruere (B. G. 5. 50)

Portuguese

Verb

obstruo

first-person singular present indicative of obstruir