pravus

See also: prāvus

Esperanto

Verb

pravus

conditional of pravi

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *prāwos (whence also Faliscan 𐌐𐌓𐌀𐌖𐌉𐌏𐌔 (prauios, praenomen)). Further etymology unknown.^[1]^[2] Pokorny's derivation from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-wo-s, from *preh₂- (“to bend”), whence also prātum, is nowadays rejected.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpraː.wʊs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpraː.vus]

Adjective

prāvus (feminine prāva, neuter prāvum, comparative prāvior, superlative prāvissimus, adverb prāvē); first/second-declension adjective

crooked, deformed
depraved, perverse, wicked
vicious, wrong, bad, improper
Synonym: iniūrius

Antonym: rēctus

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
	singular			plural
nominative	prāvus	prāva	prāvum	prāvī	prāvae	prāva
genitive	prāvī	prāvae	prāvī	prāvōrum	prāvārum	prāvōrum
dative	prāvō	prāvae	prāvō	prāvīs
accusative	prāvum	prāvam	prāvum	prāvōs	prāvās	prāva
ablative	prāvō	prāvā	prāvō	prāvīs
vocative	prāve	prāva	prāvum	prāvī	prāvae	prāva

Derived terms

Descendants

From a (possible) merger with vulgarizations of barbarus:

Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: bravu
Italo-Dalmatian:
- Italian: bravo, brado (see there for further descendants)
- Sicilian: bravu
- Venetan: bravo
- → Maltese: bravu
Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: brau
- Occitan: brau
Ibero-Romance:
- Asturian: bravu, brau
- Mirandese: brabo
- Old Galician-Portuguese: bravo
  - Galician: bravo
  - Portuguese: bravo
- Spanish: bravo

Borrowings:

→ Italian: pravo
→ Portuguese: pravo
→ Spanish: pravo

References

^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 118
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “prāvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 487