saigid

Old Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsaɣʲəðʲ/, [ˈsaɣʲiðʲ]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *sagyeti or *sageti (“to seek”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂g- or *seh₂ǵ- (“to follow a trail”). Related to Welsh haeddu (“to deserve”).[1]

Verb

saigid (verbal noun saigid)

  1. to go towards, approach
  2. to seek out
  3. to reach, attain
Inflection

This verb and its derivatives, irregularly for B II verbs, have various non-palatalized present forms, such as a third-person plural segait, conjunct ·segat, in addition to a passive singular ·segar with unpalatalized g. These may have arisen by analogy with verbs like saidid and laigid and nouns like aig where e followed by a palatalized consonant regularly changed to a.[2]

Simple, class B II present, t preterite, s future, s subjunctive
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative abs. saigim saigid segait segair segaiter
conj. ·saig ·segat ·segar
rel. saiges
imperfect indicative
preterite abs. sïacht sïachtatar
conj.
rel.
perfect deut. ro·sïachtar
prot.
future abs. sesa siais
conj. ·sia ·sesaid ·siasstar
rel.
conditional
present subjunctive abs.
conj. ·sáis ·sá ·sasat
rel.
past subjunctive sásad
imperative saig saigid
verbal noun saigid
past participle
verbal of necessity saigthi
Quotations
  • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 23c11
    Forsin testimin-so .i. a brith frisa ndliged remeperthe, et is fri Pól berir amal ṡodin, .i. is hed inso sís ro·chlos et ad·chess inna bésaib et a gnímaib. Aliter saigid inple⟨te⟩ gaudium rl.: is sí mo ḟáilte inso sí qua rl. in Christo. Bad hí Críst má beith nach fáilte dúibsi, et ní frissom amal ṡodin. […] Má nud·tectid na huili-se inplete .i. dénid a n‑as·berar frib.
    On this text, i.e. its reference to the above-mentioned rule, and [with reference] to Paul it is referred in that case, i.e. this below is what was heard and seen in his morals and deeds. Otherwise, it approaches implete gaudium etc.: this is my joy si qua etc. in Christo. Let it be in Christ if you pl have any joy, and [it refers] not to him in that case. […] If you have all these, implete i.e. do what is said to you.
  • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 66b5
    Segait ind firién inna fochaidi ar saigid inna ngnimae foirbthe.
    The righteous seek out tribulations in order to attain perfect deeds.
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Irish: saigh

Further reading

Etymology 2

From Proto-Celtic *sagyetis.[3] Cognate with Welsh haeddu.

Noun

saigid f

  1. verbal noun of saigid
Inflection
Feminine i-stem
singular dual plural
nominative saigid — —
vocative saigid — —
accusative saigidN — —
genitive saichtheoH, saichtheaH — —
dative saigidL — —
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Quotations
  • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 66b5
    Segait ind firién inna fochaidi ar saigid inna ngnimae foirbthe.
    The righteous seek tribulations in order to attain perfect deeds.
Derived terms
Descendants

Further reading

Mutation

Mutation of saigid
radical lenition nasalization
saigid ṡaigid saigid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) “*sag-(i̯)e/o-”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 555
  2. ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) [1909] D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of Handbuch des Alt-Irischen (in German), →ISBN, § 82 (a), pages 53–54; reprinted 2017
  3. ^ de Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia (1999) Nominale Wortbildung des älteren Irischen: Stammbildung und Derivation [Noun Formation in Old Irish: Stem-formation and derivation] (Buchreihe der Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie) (in German), volume 15, Tübingen: Niemeyer, →ISBN, page 451
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