sá

• IPA^(key): /sɔɑː/
• Rhymes: -ɔɑː
• Homophone: sáð

From Old Norse séa, sjá, from Proto-Germanic *sehwaną.

sá

1. first-person singular past of síggja

   eg kom, sá og sigraði

   vēnī, vīdī, vīcī (Julius Caesar)

2. third-person singular past of síggja

From Old Norse sá, a descendant from Proto-Germanic *sa, from Proto-Indo-European *só. Related to Old Norse sjá.

sá (feminine sú, neuter tað)

1. (obsolete, demonstrative) that, that one, he (referring to something or someone which is about to be specified further or has just been mentioned)

• ás

• IPA^(key): /sauː/
• Rhymes: -auː

From Old Norse sá (“to sow”), from Proto-Germanic *sēaną, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-.

sá (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative sáði, supine sáð)

1. to sow

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

From Old Norse sá, a descendant from Proto-Germanic *sa, from Proto-Indo-European *só. Related to Old Norse sjá.

sá (feminine sú, neuter það) (demonstrative)

1. that (one), the (one), he
   1. (attributive) (referring to something or someone which is about to be specified further or has just been mentioned)

      Near-synonym: þessi

      sá maður ― that man

      bók sú að Gerpla heitir ― the book that is called Gerpla

      Ég fann ekki það barn. ― I didn't find that child.

   2. (predicatively)

      sá okkar ― the one of us

      það af ykkur ― that (part) of you

   3. (predicatively, emphatic) (in critique, irony)

      Sá er nógu ríkur til þess! ― He's rich enough for it! (ie. has enough money to spend recklessly)

      Sá skal nú fá fyrir ferðina! ― Now he's going to pay! (having done something deserving of punishment)

      Sú er góð! ― She's proud of herself! (having done something ill-advised)

      Sá er góður ― That's a good one (eg. said of a joke or clever phrasing)

2. (proscribed, colloquial) the (with dates)

   þann 30. ágúst ― on the 30th of August

3. (as an intensifier)
   1. such, quite

      Near-synonyms: slíkur, þvílíkur, hvaða (colloquial)

      Ég var sá asni að trúa þér ― I was such a fool to believe you.

   2. (exclamative, especially with en) what

      Synonym: hvílíkur

      En sá asni! ― What an idiot!

      En það veður ― What weather!

4. (obsolete, emphatic) (with the free article)

   sá hinn mikli maður ― this great man

   vegna þess hins ógæfusama manns ― for this ill-fated man

5. the (like the definite article, often with a positive or superlative degree adjective)

   Near-synonym: hinn

   • Halldór Laxness, chapter 10, in Íslandsklukkan [Iceland's bell], Íslandsklukkan, page 83:

     Ef hann skyldi halda þú hafir stolið þessum hríng, þá ber þú honum kveðju frá því ljósa mani; frá álfakroppinum mjóa; - þau orð hafa ekki farið víðar.

     If he should think that you have stolen this ring, then tell him the fair maiden sent you; the thin elf; - word has not yet spread everywhere.

   sá gamli maður ― the old man

   sú stærsta bók sem ég hef séð ― the biggest book that I've seen

   með þeim bestu sauðajörðum ― with the best sheep pastures

   sá gamli kölski ― Old Scratch

   sá grái ― shark

   sá guli ― cod

   sá rauði ― golden redfish

   sá blái ― Atlantic catfish

   sá silfraði ― salmon

   í það (sama) skipti/í sama skipti/skiptið þá ― at the (same) time

6. (archaic) which, who (as a relative pronoun)

   Near-synonym: sem

   hann missti son sinn, þann Snjólfur hét ― he lost his son who was named Snjólfur

7. (predicative) (with a conjunction in a relative clause)

   þetta er sú sem var í fallega kjólnum ― that's (the one) who was in the beautiful dress

   ástæðan er sú að... ― the reason is (such) that...

   staðreyndin er sú að... ― the fact is (such) that...

   sannleikurinn er sá að... ― the truth is (such) that...

• þann (14-17th centuries)

• sá sami

See sjá.

sá

1. [he/she/it] saw, first- or third-person singular indicative past tense of sjá (“to see”)
2. [I] saw, first- or third-person singular indicative past tense of sjá (“to see”)

• ás

• Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)
• Kristín Bjarnadóttir, editor (2002–2025), “sá”, in Beygingarlýsing íslensks nútímamáls [The Database of Modern Icelandic Inflection] (in Icelandic), Reykjavík: The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies
• Mörður Árnason (2019) Íslensk orðabók, 5th edition, Reykjavík: Forlagið
• “sá” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)

• sáthadh (Ulster, obsolete)

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /sˠɑː/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈsˠaːhu/^[1] (corresponding to the form sáthadh)

sá m (genitive singular as substantive sá, genitive as verbal noun sáite, nominative plural sáite)

1. verbal noun of sáigh

   Synonym: ropadh

2. a thrust, stab

   Synonym: rop

3. push, press
4. dart, lunge
5. stake

As substantive

As verbal noun

• sá-phlána m (“thrust-plane”)

sá

1. analytic present subjunctive of sáigh

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sá”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “sá”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “sá”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
• Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 65

• IPA^(key): /ʃa⁵⁵/

sá

1. (Patsho) to stick an elongated object into a hole or pit intentionally or unintentionally.

   khakik nüko jüho sa thiu va nye

   my leg got sticked in a hole

   jujieliangko pai nü tsho nüleu apem lü sa thiu va

   please stick it in all the firewoods in the basket

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *sa, from Proto-Indo-European *só. Related to Old Norse sjá.

sá (feminine sú, neuter þat)

1. this, that

• Icelandic: sá
• Faroese: sá
• Old Swedish: sa

From Proto-Germanic *sēaną, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-. Compare Old English sāwan (English sow), Old Saxon sāian, Old High German sāen, sāwen (German säen), Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌽 (saian).

sá

2. to sow

• Danish: så
• Faroese: sáa
• Icelandic: sá
• Norwegian:
  • Norwegian Bokmål: så
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: så
• Swedish: så

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

sá

1. first/third-person singular past active indicative of sjá

sá

1. what

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [saː˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʂaː˨˩˦] ~ [saː˨˩˦]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʂaː˦˥] ~ [saː˦˥]

From Proto-Vietic *k-raːʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *kraʔ (“path”). Cognate with Muong khá, Pacoh carna (through an infixed form), Chong kraː and Proto-Palaungic *kraːʔ.

Possibly cognate with Old Chinese 道 (OC *[kə.l]ˤuʔ) (B-S) (SV: đạo), and less certainly, Old Chinese 路 (OC *Cə.rˤak-s) (B-S) (SV: lộ).

• xá

sá • (詫, 垞)

1. (obsolete) road

   Synonym: đường

   • 13th century, Trần Nhân Tông, Cư Trần lạc đạo phú 居塵樂道賦, Đệ thất hội 第七會:

     學(Học)隊(đòi)機(cơ)祖(tổ)詫(sá)禪(thiền)空(không)坤(khôn)卒(chút)別(biết)尼(nơi)

     By learning after the fore-elder's methods, on the path of Zen it shall not be any bit hard to know where.

• sá is the native Vietnamese word that has been displaced by the more common loanword đường, but remains fossilised in compounds such as đường sá (“roads”), sá cày (“furrow”), the latter of which is again contracted to sá in the idiom trâu quá sá, mạ quá thì (“to be past one's prime”, literally “buffalo beyond [the age to plough] the furrow, rice seedlings beyond the time [to sow]”).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

sá • (吒, 咤, 詫)

1. (dated, chiefly in the negative or rhetorical) to mind, to care

   Synonyms: quản, màng, lo

   • 13th century, Trần Nhân Tông, Cư Trần lạc đạo phú 居塵樂道賦, Đệ nhị hội 第二會:

     倿(Cầm)戒(giới)行(hạnh)敵(địch)無(vô)常(thường)儍(nào)固(có)詫(sá)求(cầu)名(danh)半(bán)角(chác)

     One keeps precepts and virtues, and defies impermanence, not at all caring to seek reputation in a venal manner (literally, “seek reputation to buy and sell”).

   • 1941, “Tiếng gọi thanh niên”, Hoàng Mai Lưu (lyrics), Lưu Hữu Phước (music)‎^[1]performed by The Voice of Vietnam's Men's and Women's Choir:

     Này anh em ơi, tiến lên đến ngày giải phóng!
     Đồng lòng cùng đi, đi, đi! Sá gì thân sống?

     Brothers and sisters, march forth towards liberation's day!
     Let's go together! What do we care about our lives?