Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *sambas.
Noun
sammas (genitive samba, partitive sammast)
- pillar, column
Declension
Declension of sammas (ÕS type 7/kallas, mb-mm gradation)
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sammas
|
sambad
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
gen.
|
samba
|
genitive
|
sammaste
|
partitive
|
sammast
|
sambaid
|
illative
|
sambasse
|
sammastesse sambaisse
|
inessive
|
sambas
|
sammastes sambais
|
elative
|
sambast
|
sammastest sambaist
|
allative
|
sambale
|
sammastele sambaile
|
adessive
|
sambal
|
sammastel sambail
|
ablative
|
sambalt
|
sammastelt sambailt
|
translative
|
sambaks
|
sammasteks sambaiks
|
terminative
|
sambani
|
sammasteni
|
essive
|
sambana
|
sammastena
|
abessive
|
sambata
|
sammasteta
|
comitative
|
sambaga
|
sammastega
|
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsɑmːɑs/, [ˈs̠ɑ̝mːɑ̝s̠]
- Rhymes: -ɑmːɑs
- Syllabification(key): sam‧mas
- Hyphenation(key): sam‧mas
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *sambas, probably an Indo-Iranian loan and a cognate of Sanskrit स्तम्भ (stambha) and sampo.[1]
Noun
sammas
- (Finnic mythology) cosmic pillar that supported the sky
Declension
Inflection of sammas (Kotus type 41*H/vieras, mp-mm gradation)
|
nominative
|
sammas
|
sampaat
|
genitive
|
sampaan
|
sampaiden sampaitten
|
partitive
|
sammasta
|
sampaita
|
illative
|
sampaaseen
|
sampaisiin
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sammas
|
sampaat
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sammas
|
sampaat
|
gen.
|
sampaan
|
genitive
|
sampaan
|
sampaiden sampaitten sammasten rare
|
partitive
|
sammasta
|
sampaita
|
inessive
|
sampaassa
|
sampaissa
|
elative
|
sampaasta
|
sampaista
|
illative
|
sampaaseen
|
sampaisiin sampaihin rare
|
adessive
|
sampaalla
|
sampailla
|
ablative
|
sampaalta
|
sampailta
|
allative
|
sampaalle
|
sampaille
|
essive
|
sampaana
|
sampaina
|
translative
|
sampaaksi
|
sampaiksi
|
abessive
|
sampaatta
|
sampaitta
|
instructive
|
—
|
sampain
|
comitative
|
See the possessive forms below.
|
first-person singular possessor
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sampaani
|
sampaani
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sampaani
|
sampaani
|
gen.
|
sampaani
|
genitive
|
sampaani
|
sampaideni sampaitteni sammasteni rare
|
partitive
|
sammastani
|
sampaitani
|
inessive
|
sampaassani
|
sampaissani
|
elative
|
sampaastani
|
sampaistani
|
illative
|
sampaaseeni
|
sampaisiini sampaihini rare
|
adessive
|
sampaallani
|
sampaillani
|
ablative
|
sampaaltani
|
sampailtani
|
allative
|
sampaalleni
|
sampailleni
|
essive
|
sampaanani
|
sampainani
|
translative
|
sampaakseni
|
sampaikseni
|
abessive
|
sampaattani
|
sampaittani
|
instructive
|
—
|
—
|
comitative
|
— |
sampaineni
|
second-person singular possessor
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sampaasi
|
sampaasi
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sampaasi
|
sampaasi
|
gen.
|
sampaasi
|
genitive
|
sampaasi
|
sampaidesi sampaittesi sammastesi rare
|
partitive
|
sammastasi
|
sampaitasi
|
inessive
|
sampaassasi
|
sampaissasi
|
elative
|
sampaastasi
|
sampaistasi
|
illative
|
sampaaseesi
|
sampaisiisi sampaihisi rare
|
adessive
|
sampaallasi
|
sampaillasi
|
ablative
|
sampaaltasi
|
sampailtasi
|
allative
|
sampaallesi
|
sampaillesi
|
essive
|
sampaanasi
|
sampainasi
|
translative
|
sampaaksesi
|
sampaiksesi
|
abessive
|
sampaattasi
|
sampaittasi
|
instructive
|
—
|
—
|
comitative
|
— |
sampainesi
|
first-person plural possessor
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sampaamme
|
sampaamme
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sampaamme
|
sampaamme
|
gen.
|
sampaamme
|
genitive
|
sampaamme
|
sampaidemme sampaittemme sammastemme rare
|
partitive
|
sammastamme
|
sampaitamme
|
inessive
|
sampaassamme
|
sampaissamme
|
elative
|
sampaastamme
|
sampaistamme
|
illative
|
sampaaseemme
|
sampaisiimme sampaihimme rare
|
adessive
|
sampaallamme
|
sampaillamme
|
ablative
|
sampaaltamme
|
sampailtamme
|
allative
|
sampaallemme
|
sampaillemme
|
essive
|
sampaanamme
|
sampainamme
|
translative
|
sampaaksemme
|
sampaiksemme
|
abessive
|
sampaattamme
|
sampaittamme
|
instructive
|
—
|
—
|
comitative
|
— |
sampainemme
|
second-person plural possessor
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sampaanne
|
sampaanne
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sampaanne
|
sampaanne
|
gen.
|
sampaanne
|
genitive
|
sampaanne
|
sampaidenne sampaittenne sammastenne rare
|
partitive
|
sammastanne
|
sampaitanne
|
inessive
|
sampaassanne
|
sampaissanne
|
elative
|
sampaastanne
|
sampaistanne
|
illative
|
sampaaseenne
|
sampaisiinne sampaihinne rare
|
adessive
|
sampaallanne
|
sampaillanne
|
ablative
|
sampaaltanne
|
sampailtanne
|
allative
|
sampaallenne
|
sampaillenne
|
essive
|
sampaananne
|
sampainanne
|
translative
|
sampaaksenne
|
sampaiksenne
|
abessive
|
sampaattanne
|
sampaittanne
|
instructive
|
—
|
—
|
comitative
|
— |
sampainenne
|
third-person possessor
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sampaansa
|
sampaansa
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sampaansa
|
sampaansa
|
gen.
|
sampaansa
|
genitive
|
sampaansa
|
sampaidensa sampaittensa sammastensa rare
|
partitive
|
sammastaan sammastansa
|
sampaitaan sampaitansa
|
inessive
|
sampaassaan sampaassansa
|
sampaissaan sampaissansa
|
elative
|
sampaastaan sampaastansa
|
sampaistaan sampaistansa
|
illative
|
sampaaseensa
|
sampaisiinsa sampaihinsa rare
|
adessive
|
sampaallaan sampaallansa
|
sampaillaan sampaillansa
|
ablative
|
sampaaltaan sampaaltansa
|
sampailtaan sampailtansa
|
allative
|
sampaalleen sampaallensa
|
sampailleen sampaillensa
|
essive
|
sampaanaan sampaanansa
|
sampainaan sampainansa
|
translative
|
sampaakseen sampaaksensa
|
sampaikseen sampaiksensa
|
abessive
|
sampaattaan sampaattansa
|
sampaittaan sampaittansa
|
instructive
|
—
|
—
|
comitative
|
— |
sampaineen sampainensa
|
|
Derived terms
References
- ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “sammas”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 1 January 2024
Etymology 2
Possibly derived from sammakko (“frog”) as a back-formation inspired by sammas (etymology 1).
Noun
sammas
- (pathology) oral candidiasis, oral thrush, thrush
Declension
Inflection of sammas (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
|
nominative
|
sammas
|
sammakset
|
genitive
|
sammaksen
|
sammasten sammaksien
|
partitive
|
sammasta
|
sammaksia
|
illative
|
sammakseen
|
sammaksiin
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sammas
|
sammakset
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sammas
|
sammakset
|
gen.
|
sammaksen
|
genitive
|
sammaksen
|
sammasten sammaksien
|
partitive
|
sammasta
|
sammaksia
|
inessive
|
sammaksessa
|
sammaksissa
|
elative
|
sammaksesta
|
sammaksista
|
illative
|
sammakseen
|
sammaksiin
|
adessive
|
sammaksella
|
sammaksilla
|
ablative
|
sammakselta
|
sammaksilta
|
allative
|
sammakselle
|
sammaksille
|
essive
|
sammaksena
|
sammaksina
|
translative
|
sammakseksi
|
sammaksiksi
|
abessive
|
sammaksetta
|
sammaksitta
|
instructive
|
—
|
sammaksin
|
comitative
|
See the possessive forms below.
|
first-person singular possessor
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sammakseni
|
sammakseni
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sammakseni
|
sammakseni
|
gen.
|
sammakseni
|
genitive
|
sammakseni
|
sammasteni sammaksieni
|
partitive
|
sammastani
|
sammaksiani
|
inessive
|
sammaksessani
|
sammaksissani
|
elative
|
sammaksestani
|
sammaksistani
|
illative
|
sammakseeni
|
sammaksiini
|
adessive
|
sammaksellani
|
sammaksillani
|
ablative
|
sammakseltani
|
sammaksiltani
|
allative
|
sammakselleni
|
sammaksilleni
|
essive
|
sammaksenani
|
sammaksinani
|
translative
|
sammaksekseni
|
sammaksikseni
|
abessive
|
sammaksettani
|
sammaksittani
|
instructive
|
—
|
—
|
comitative
|
— |
sammaksineni
|
second-person singular possessor
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sammaksesi
|
sammaksesi
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sammaksesi
|
sammaksesi
|
gen.
|
sammaksesi
|
genitive
|
sammaksesi
|
sammastesi sammaksiesi
|
partitive
|
sammastasi
|
sammaksiasi
|
inessive
|
sammaksessasi
|
sammaksissasi
|
elative
|
sammaksestasi
|
sammaksistasi
|
illative
|
sammakseesi
|
sammaksiisi
|
adessive
|
sammaksellasi
|
sammaksillasi
|
ablative
|
sammakseltasi
|
sammaksiltasi
|
allative
|
sammaksellesi
|
sammaksillesi
|
essive
|
sammaksenasi
|
sammaksinasi
|
translative
|
sammakseksesi
|
sammaksiksesi
|
abessive
|
sammaksettasi
|
sammaksittasi
|
instructive
|
—
|
—
|
comitative
|
— |
sammaksinesi
|
first-person plural possessor
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sammaksemme
|
sammaksemme
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sammaksemme
|
sammaksemme
|
gen.
|
sammaksemme
|
genitive
|
sammaksemme
|
sammastemme sammaksiemme
|
partitive
|
sammastamme
|
sammaksiamme
|
inessive
|
sammaksessamme
|
sammaksissamme
|
elative
|
sammaksestamme
|
sammaksistamme
|
illative
|
sammakseemme
|
sammaksiimme
|
adessive
|
sammaksellamme
|
sammaksillamme
|
ablative
|
sammakseltamme
|
sammaksiltamme
|
allative
|
sammaksellemme
|
sammaksillemme
|
essive
|
sammaksenamme
|
sammaksinamme
|
translative
|
sammakseksemme
|
sammaksiksemme
|
abessive
|
sammaksettamme
|
sammaksittamme
|
instructive
|
—
|
—
|
comitative
|
— |
sammaksinemme
|
second-person plural possessor
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sammaksenne
|
sammaksenne
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sammaksenne
|
sammaksenne
|
gen.
|
sammaksenne
|
genitive
|
sammaksenne
|
sammastenne sammaksienne
|
partitive
|
sammastanne
|
sammaksianne
|
inessive
|
sammaksessanne
|
sammaksissanne
|
elative
|
sammaksestanne
|
sammaksistanne
|
illative
|
sammakseenne
|
sammaksiinne
|
adessive
|
sammaksellanne
|
sammaksillanne
|
ablative
|
sammakseltanne
|
sammaksiltanne
|
allative
|
sammaksellenne
|
sammaksillenne
|
essive
|
sammaksenanne
|
sammaksinanne
|
translative
|
sammakseksenne
|
sammaksiksenne
|
abessive
|
sammaksettanne
|
sammaksittanne
|
instructive
|
—
|
—
|
comitative
|
— |
sammaksinenne
|
third-person possessor
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
sammaksensa
|
sammaksensa
|
accusative
|
nom.
|
sammaksensa
|
sammaksensa
|
gen.
|
sammaksensa
|
genitive
|
sammaksensa
|
sammastensa sammaksiensa
|
partitive
|
sammastaan sammastansa
|
sammaksiaan sammaksiansa
|
inessive
|
sammaksessaan sammaksessansa
|
sammaksissaan sammaksissansa
|
elative
|
sammaksestaan sammaksestansa
|
sammaksistaan sammaksistansa
|
illative
|
sammakseensa
|
sammaksiinsa
|
adessive
|
sammaksellaan sammaksellansa
|
sammaksillaan sammaksillansa
|
ablative
|
sammakseltaan sammakseltansa
|
sammaksiltaan sammaksiltansa
|
allative
|
sammakselleen sammaksellensa
|
sammaksilleen sammaksillensa
|
essive
|
sammaksenaan sammaksenansa
|
sammaksinaan sammaksinansa
|
translative
|
sammaksekseen sammakseksensa
|
sammaksikseen sammaksiksensa
|
abessive
|
sammaksettaan sammaksettansa
|
sammaksittaan sammaksittansa
|
instructive
|
—
|
—
|
comitative
|
— |
sammaksineen sammaksinensa
|
|
Synonyms
- (disease): suun kandidiaasi
Further reading