taxo

See also: taxo-

Latin

Etymology 1

Possibly from Proto-Italic *taksō, perhaps an s-present variation of Proto-Italic *tangō.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈtak.soː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt̪ak.so]

Verb

taxō (present infinitive taxāre, perfect active taxāvī, supine taxātum); first conjugation

to feel, to touch sharply, to handle
to charge, to twit, to reproach, to censure
to rate, to appraise, to value, to estimate
to judge, to compute, to reckon, to estimate
(Medieval Latin) to tax

Conjugation

Conjugation of taxō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	taxō	taxās		taxat	taxāmus	taxātis		taxant
	imperfect	taxābam	taxābās		taxābat	taxābāmus	taxābātis		taxābant
	future	taxābō	taxābis		taxābit	taxābimus	taxābitis		taxābunt
	perfect	taxāvī	taxāvistī		taxāvit	taxāvimus	taxāvistis		taxāvērunt, taxāvēre
	pluperfect	taxāveram	taxāverās		taxāverat	taxāverāmus	taxāverātis		taxāverant
	future perfect	taxāverō	taxāveris		taxāverit	taxāverimus	taxāveritis		taxāverint
passive	present	taxor	taxāris, taxāre		taxātur	taxāmur	taxāminī		taxantur
	imperfect	taxābar	taxābāris, taxābāre		taxābātur	taxābāmur	taxābāminī		taxābantur
	future	taxābor	taxāberis, taxābere		taxābitur	taxābimur	taxābiminī		taxābuntur
	perfect	taxātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	taxātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	taxātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	taxem	taxēs		taxet	taxēmus	taxētis		taxent
	imperfect	taxārem	taxārēs		taxāret	taxārēmus	taxārētis		taxārent
	perfect	taxāverim	taxāverīs		taxāverit	taxāverīmus	taxāverītis		taxāverint
	pluperfect	taxāvissem	taxāvissēs		taxāvisset	taxāvissēmus	taxāvissētis		taxāvissent
passive	present	taxer	taxēris, taxēre		taxētur	taxēmur	taxēminī		taxentur
	imperfect	taxārer	taxārēris, taxārēre		taxārētur	taxārēmur	taxārēminī		taxārentur
	perfect	taxātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	taxātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	taxā		—	—	taxāte		—
active	future	—	taxātō		taxātō	—	taxātōte		taxantō
passive	present	—	taxāre		—	—	taxāminī		—
passive	future	—	taxātor		taxātor	—	—		taxantor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		taxāre		taxārī		taxāns		—
future		taxātūrum esse		taxātum īrī		taxātūrus		taxandus
perfect		taxāvisse		taxātum esse		—		taxātus
future perfect		—		taxātum fore		—		—
perfect potential		taxātūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		taxandī	taxandō		taxandum	taxandō	taxātum		taxātū

Synonyms

(I touch): tangō, tractō
(I value): aestimō

Derived terms

Descendants

Italo-Romance (economic senses through Medieval Latin):
- Italian: tassare, ⇒ tassa, tasso
- Sicilian: tassari, tasciari, ⇒ tascia, tassa
⇒ Vulgar Latin: *taxitāre (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings through Medieval Latin taxare (“to tax”):

→ Catalan: taxar, ⇒ taxa
→ Galician: taxar, ⇒ taxa
→ Norwegian Bokmål: taksere
→ Old French: taxer, tauxer, tausser
- French: taxer, ⇒ taux
  - → Romanian: taxa, ⇒ taxă
- → English: tax
→ Portuguese: taxar, ⇒ taxa
Spanish: tasar, ⇒ tasa
⇒ Medieval Latin: tasca
- → Old French: tasche, tasque, take (northern), tache (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

From Frankish *þahs, from Proto-Germanic *þahsuz (“badger”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *teḱ- (“construct”) after the badger's construction of its setts (compare texō).

Alternative forms

taxus

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈtak.soː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt̪ak.so]

Noun

taxō m (genitive taxonis); third declension

(Late Latin) badger

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	taxō	taxonēs
genitive	taxonis	taxonum
dative	taxonī	taxonibus
accusative	taxonem	taxonēs
ablative	taxone	taxonibus
vocative	taxō	taxonēs

Descendants

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈtaːk.soː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt̪ak.so]

Verb

tāxō

(Old Latin) first-person singular sigmatic future active indicative of tangō

Usage notes

See explanation at tangō.

References

“taxo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
"taxo", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
taxo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈta.ʃu/

Rhymes: -aʃu
Homophone: tacho
Hyphenation: ta‧xo

Verb

taxo

first-person singular present indicative of taxar