tynnu

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh tynnu, from Proto-Brythonic *tɨnnɨd, either from Latin tendō or from a Proto-Celtic cognate of it; either way from Proto-Indo-European *tend- (“stretch, extend”). Cognate with Middle Cornish tenna, tenne, Modern Cornish tenna (“to pull”), Old Breton tinsit (“scattered, strewed”), Middle Breton tennaff, Modern Breton tennañ, Old Irish tendaid (“to press”).[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

tynnu (first-person singular present tynnaf)

  1. to pull, to draw
  2. to draw, to unsheath (a weapon)
  3. to take (a picture)
  4. to extract
  5. to take off, to remove
  6. (arithmetic) to subtract

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future tynnaf tynni tyn tynnwn tynnwch tynnant tynnir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional 		tynnwn tynnit tynnai tynnem tynnech tynnent tynnid
preterite tynnais tynnaist tynnodd tynasom tynasoch tynasant tynnwyd
pluperfect tynaswn tynasit tynasai tynasem tynasech tynasent tynasid, tynesid
present subjunctive tynnwyf tynnych tynno tynnom tynnoch tynnont tynner
imperative — tyn, tynna tynned tynnwn tynnwch tynnent tynner
verbal noun tynnu
verbal adjectives tynedig
tynadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
inflected
colloquial forms 		singular plural
first second third first second third
future tynna i,
tynnaf i 		tynni di tynnith o/e/hi,
tynniff e/hi 		tynnwn ni tynnwch chi tynnan nhw
conditional tynnwn i,
tynswn i 		tynnet ti,
tynset ti 		tynnai fo/fe/hi,
tynsai fo/fe/hi 		tynnen ni,
tynsen ni 		tynnech chi,
tynsech chi 		tynnen nhw,
tynsen nhw
preterite tynnais i,
tynnes i 		tynnaist ti,
tynnest ti 		tynnodd o/e/hi tynnon ni tynnoch chi tynnon nhw
imperative — tynna — — tynnwch —

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

  • atynnu (“to attract”)
  • tyn (“tight, taut, fast”)[2]
  • tyniad (“drawing, pulling”)
  • tynnu cwtws (“to draw lots”)
  • tynnu ymaith (“to tear away, to take away”)
  • tynnu'n ôl (“to pull back, to retract”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of tynnu
radical soft nasal aspirate
tynnu dynnu nhynnu thynnu

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tynnu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  2. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tyn”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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