vegeo

Latin

Etymology

Disputed. The e-grade of the Latin term is unusual for a causative form. De Vaan posits the verb may be derived from an adjective Proto-Italic *weg-o- (“active, alive, awake”). Alternatively, it may derive from Proto-Italic *wogeō, itself from Proto-Indo-European *woǵéyeti, from the root *weǵ-. The change from initial *wo- to *we- possibly follows a development seen in Latin vester, itself from voster. However, other examples of Latin terms such as volō and vorō indicate that such a change did not occur in terms with the structure *voCV-. Furthermore, the term does not follow the sound development *voCV- to *vaCV- seen in other Latin terms. Sihler argues that the unusual vowel development can be traced to "contamination."

Pronunciation

Verb

vegeō (present infinitive vegēre, perfect active veguī); second conjugation, no supine stem, third person-only in the passive (pre-Classical)

  1. (transitive) to move, excite, quicken, arouse
    • 239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius:
      aequora salsa vegēs ingentibus ventīs
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius:
      cum magnō strepitū volcānum (=ignem) ventus vegēbat.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • Lucius Pomponius Bononiensis, Maialis:
      animōs Venus veget voluptātibus
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. (intransitive) to be lively or active

Conjugation

  • This verb has only limited passive conjugation; only third-person passive forms are attested in surviving sources.
   Conjugation of vegeō (second conjugation, no supine stem, third person-only in the passive)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present vegeō vegēs veget vegēmus vegētis vegent
imperfect vegēbam vegēbās vegēbat vegēbāmus vegēbātis vegēbant
future vegēbō vegēbis vegēbit vegēbimus vegēbitis vegēbunt
perfect veguī veguistī veguit veguimus veguistis veguērunt,
veguēre
pluperfect vegueram veguerās veguerat veguerāmus veguerātis veguerant
future perfect veguerō vegueris veguerit veguerimus vegueritis veguerint
passive present — — vegētur — — vegentur
imperfect — — vegēbātur — — vegēbantur
future — — vegēbitur — — vegēbuntur
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present vegeam vegeās vegeat vegeāmus vegeātis vegeant
imperfect vegērem vegērēs vegēret vegērēmus vegērētis vegērent
perfect veguerim veguerīs veguerit veguerīmus veguerītis veguerint
pluperfect veguissem veguissēs veguisset veguissēmus veguissētis veguissent
passive present — — vegeātur — — vegeantur
imperfect — — vegērētur — — vegērentur
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — vegē — — vegēte —
future — vegētō vegētō — vegētōte vegentō
passive future — — vegētor — — vegentor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present vegēre vegērī vegēns —
future — — — vegendum
perfect veguisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
vegendī vegendō vegendum vegendō — —

Derived terms

References

  • “vegeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • vegeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 44
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 657-658
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