verkouden
Dutch
Alternative forms
- verkouwen (now colloquial or dialectal)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vərˈkɑu̯.də(n)/
Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: ver‧kou‧den
- Rhymes: -ɑu̯dən
Etymology 1
Alteration of older verkoud, past participle of the verb in etymology 2 below. The form in -en was generalized from an inflected form by analogy with strong participles such as gehouden, gevouwen, gebrouwen. By surface analysis, ver- -en + koud.
Adjective
verkouden (comparative verkoudener, superlative verkoudenst)
- having a cold
Declension
| Declension of verkouden | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uninflected | verkouden | |||
| inflected | verkouden | |||
| comparative | verkoudener | |||
| positive | comparative | superlative | ||
| predicative/adverbial | verkouden | verkoudener | het verkoudenst het verkoudenste | |
| indefinite | m./f. sing. | verkouden | verkoudener | verkoudenste |
| n. sing. | verkouden | verkoudener | verkoudenste | |
| plural | verkouden | verkoudener | verkoudenste | |
| definite | verkouden | verkoudener | verkoudenste | |
| partitive | verkoudens | verkoudeners | — | |
Derived terms
- snipverkouden
Related terms
Descendants
- → Aukan: fukowtu
Etymology 2
From Middle Dutch vercouden, derived from cout (“cold”).
Verb
verkouden
- (dated, ergative) to cool, chill, to make or become cold
- (obsolete, intransitive or reflexive) to catch a cold
- Synonyms: kou vatten, verkouden worden/raken
Conjugation
| Conjugation of verkouden (weak, prefixed) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | verkouden | |||
| past singular | verkoudde | |||
| past participle | verkoud | |||
| infinitive | verkouden | |||
| gerund | verkouden n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | verkoud | verkoudde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | verkoudt, verkoud2 | verkoudde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | verkoudt | verkoudde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | verkoudt | verkoudde | ||
| 3rd person singular | verkoudt | verkoudde | ||
| plural | verkouden | verkoudden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | verkoude | verkoudde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | verkouden | verkoudden | ||
| imperative sing. | verkoud | |||
| imperative plur.1 | verkoudt | |||
| participles | verkoudend | verkoud | ||
| 1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. | ||||