wardo
Latin
Alternative forms
Etymology
Borrowed from Frankish *wardōn (“to guard, protect”).
Supposedly attested in the seventh century in the form guardāre, but this has yet to be confirmed.[1] The earliest certain attestation appears to be the prefixed rewardant in the Reichenau Glossary.
Verb
wardō (present infinitive wardāre, perfect active wardāvī, supine wardātum); first conjugation (Early Medieval Latin)
Conjugation
Conjugation of wardō (first conjugation)
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | wardō | wardās | wardat | wardāmus | wardātis | wardant | ||||||
| imperfect | wardābam | wardābās | wardābat | wardābāmus | wardābātis | wardābant | |||||||
| future | wardābō | wardābis | wardābit | wardābimus | wardābitis | wardābunt | |||||||
| perfect | wardāvī | wardāvistī | wardāvit | wardāvimus | wardāvistis | wardāvērunt, wardāvēre | |||||||
| pluperfect | wardāveram | wardāverās | wardāverat | wardāverāmus | wardāverātis | wardāverant | |||||||
| future perfect | wardāverō | wardāveris | wardāverit | wardāverimus | wardāveritis | wardāverint | |||||||
| passive | present | wardor | wardāris, wardāre |
wardātur | wardāmur | wardāminī | wardantur | ||||||
| imperfect | wardābar | wardābāris, wardābāre |
wardābātur | wardābāmur | wardābāminī | wardābantur | |||||||
| future | wardābor | wardāberis, wardābere |
wardābitur | wardābimur | wardābiminī | wardābuntur | |||||||
| perfect | wardātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| pluperfect | wardātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| future perfect | wardātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | wardem | wardēs | wardet | wardēmus | wardētis | wardent | ||||||
| imperfect | wardārem | wardārēs | wardāret | wardārēmus | wardārētis | wardārent | |||||||
| perfect | wardāverim | wardāverīs | wardāverit | wardāverīmus | wardāverītis | wardāverint | |||||||
| pluperfect | wardāvissem | wardāvissēs | wardāvisset | wardāvissēmus | wardāvissētis | wardāvissent | |||||||
| passive | present | warder | wardēris, wardēre |
wardētur | wardēmur | wardēminī | wardentur | ||||||
| imperfect | wardārer | wardārēris, wardārēre |
wardārētur | wardārēmur | wardārēminī | wardārentur | |||||||
| perfect | wardātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||||||||
| pluperfect | wardātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | — | wardā | — | — | wardāte | — | ||||||
| future | — | wardātō | wardātō | — | wardātōte | wardantō | |||||||
| passive | present | — | wardāre | — | — | wardāminī | — | ||||||
| future | — | wardātor | wardātor | — | — | wardantor | |||||||
| non-finite forms | infinitive | participle | |||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||
| present | wardāre | wardārī | wardāns | — | |||||||||
| future | wardātūrum esse | wardātum īrī | wardātūrus | wardandus | |||||||||
| perfect | wardāvisse | wardātum esse | — | wardātus | |||||||||
| future perfect | — | wardātum fore | — | — | |||||||||
| perfect potential | wardātūrum fuisse | — | — | — | |||||||||
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||||||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||||||||
| wardandī | wardandō | wardandum | wardandō | wardātum | wardātū | ||||||||
Descendants
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: guardare
- Sicilian: guardari, vardari
- Padanian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
References
- Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “wardare”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 1129