zviždati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gvizdati. First attested in the 15th century.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /zʋǐʒdati/
  • Hyphenation: zvi‧žda‧ti

Verb

zvìždati impf (Cyrillic spelling звѝждати)

  1. (ambitransitive) to whistle

Conjugation

Conjugation of zviždati
infinitive zviždati
present verbal adverb zvìždēći
past verbal adverb
verbal noun zvìždānje
singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present zviždim zviždiš zviždi zviždimo zviždite zvižde
future future I zviždat ću1
zviždaću
zviždat ćeš1
zviždaćeš
zviždat će1
zviždaće
zviždat ćemo1
zviždaćemo
zviždat ćete1
zviždaćete
zviždat ćē1
zviždaće
future II bȕdēm zviždao2 bȕdēš zviždao2 bȕdē zviždao2 bȕdēmo zviždali2 bȕdēte zviždali2 bȕdū zviždali2
past perfect zviždao sam2 zviždao si2 zviždao je2 zviždali smo2 zviždali ste2 zviždali su2
pluperfect3 bȉo sam zviždao2 bȉo si zviždao2 bȉo je zviždao2 bíli smo zviždali2 bíli ste zviždali2 bíli su zviždali2
imperfect zviždah zviždaše zviždaše zviždasmo zviždaste zviždahu
conditional conditional I zviždao bih2 zviždao bi2 zviždao bi2 zviždali bismo2 zviždali biste2 zviždali bi2
conditional II4 bȉo bih zviždao2 bȉo bi zviždao2 bȉo bi zviždao2 bíli bismo zviždali2 bíli biste zviždali2 bíli bi zviždali2
imperative zviždi zviždimo zviždite
active past participle zviždao m / zviždala f / zviždalo n zviždali m / zviždale f / zviždala n

1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2021) “zvìždati”, in Dubravka Ivšić Majić, Tijmen Pronk, editors, Etimološki rječnik hrvatskoga jezika [Etymological dictionary of the Croatian language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes II: O—Ž, Zagreb: Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje, page 611

Further reading

  • zviždati”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025