δῆμος

See also: Δήμος, δημός, and δήμος

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

Etymology 1

Together with Mycenaean Greek 𐀅𐀗 (da-mo), traceable back to Proto-Hellenic *dā́mos, inherited from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂mos (“part, division”), from *deh₂- (“to share, divide”) + *-mos.[1] Equivalent to δαίομαι (daíomai) +‎ -μος (-mos).

Alternative forms

Noun

δῆμος • (dêmos) m (genitive δήμου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Koine)

  1. district, country, land
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.710:
      πὰρ δέ οἱ ἄλλοι ναῖον Βοιωτοὶ μάλα πίονα δῆμον ἔχοντες
      pàr dé hoi álloi naîon Boiōtoì mála píona dêmon ékhontes
      and hard by him dwelt other Boeotians having a land exceeding rich
    1. the inhabitants of a district or land
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.50:
      πατρί τε σῷ μέγα πῆμα πόληΐ τε παντί τε δήμῳ
      patrí te sōî méga pêma pólēḯ te pantí te dḗmōi
      great pain upon your father, your city, and your people
  2. the common people
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.66:
      ἑσσούμενος δὲ ὁ Κλεισθένης τὸν δῆμον προσεταιρίζεται
      hessoúmenos dè ho Kleisthénēs tòn dêmon prosetairízetai
      Cleisthenes was getting the worst of it and took the common people into his party.
    1. (rare) commoner
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.213:
        δῆμον ἐόντα
        dêmon eónta
        being a commoner
  3. free citizens, sovereign people
    • 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 1011:
      δοκοῦντα καὶ δόξαντ’ ἀπαγγέλλειν με χρὴ δήμου προβούλοις τῆσδε Καδμείας πόλεως:
      dokoûnta kaì dóxant’ apangéllein me khrḕ dḗmou proboúlois têsde Kadmeías póleōs:
      It is my duty to announce the will and decrees of the council on behalf of the people of this our Cadmean city.
    1. popular government, democracy
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.82:
        πάντων τῷ λόγῳ ἀρίστων ἐόντων, δήμου τε ἀρίστου καὶ ὀλιγαρχίης καὶ μουνάρχου
        pántōn tōî lógōi arístōn eóntōn, dḗmou te arístou kaì oligarkhíēs kaì mounárkhou
        all are at their best for the sake of argument, the best democracy and oligarchy and monarchy
    2. popular assembly
      • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 565b:
        ἀναγκάζονται δὴ οἶμαι ἀμύνεσθαι, λέγοντές τε ἐν τῷ δήμῳ καὶ πράττοντες ὅπῃ δύνανται
        anankázontai dḕ oîmai amúnesthai, légontés te en tōî dḗmōi kaì práttontes hópēi dúnantai
        [they] are compelled to defend themselves by speeches in the assembly and any action in their power
  4. township, commune; deme
    • 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 9.1.16:
      Ἐλευσῖνά τε εἰπὼν ἕνα τῶν ἑκατὸν ἑβδομήκοντα δήμων
      Eleusîná te eipṑn héna tôn hekatòn hebdomḗkonta dḗmōn
      after speaking of Eleusis, one of the hundred and seventy demes
  5. name for a prostitute
  6. faction in a circus
Declension
Second declension of ὁ δῆμος; τοῦ δήμου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ δῆμος
ho dêmos 		τὼ δήμω
tṑ dḗmō 		οἱ δῆμοι
hoi dêmoi
Genitive τοῦ δήμου
toû dḗmou 		τοῖν δήμοιν
toîn dḗmoin 		τῶν δήμων
tôn dḗmōn
Dative τῷ δήμῳ
tōî dḗmōi 		τοῖν δήμοιν
toîn dḗmoin 		τοῖς δήμοις
toîs dḗmois
Accusative τὸν δῆμον
tòn dêmon 		τὼ δήμω
tṑ dḗmō 		τοὺς δήμους
toùs dḗmous
Vocative δῆμε
dême 		δήμω
dḗmō 		δῆμοι
dêmoi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
Derived terms
  • δημῐ́δῐον (dēmĭ́dĭon)
  • δημίζω (dēmízō)
  • δήμῐος (dḗmĭos)
  • δημόθεν (dēmóthen)
  • δημοικός (dēmoikós)
  • δημόομαι (dēmóomai)
  • δημόσῐος (dēmósĭos)
  • δημότερος (dēmóteros)
  • δημοτεύομαι (dēmoteúomai)
  • δημότης (dēmótēs)
  • δημώλης (dēmṓlēs)
  • δήμωμᾰ (dḗmōmă)
Descendants
  • Greek: δήμος (dímos)
  • → English: deme, demos
  • → Latin: dēmos

Etymology 2

Noun

δῆμος • (dêmos) m (genitive δήμου); second declension

  1. yellow serradella, Ornithopus compressus
Declension
Second declension of ὁ δῆμος; τοῦ δήμου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ δῆμος
ho dêmos 		τὼ δήμω
tṑ dḗmō 		οἱ δῆμοι
hoi dêmoi
Genitive τοῦ δήμου
toû dḗmou 		τοῖν δήμοιν
toîn dḗmoin 		τῶν δήμων
tôn dḗmōn
Dative τῷ δήμῳ
tōî dḗmōi 		τοῖν δήμοιν
toîn dḗmoin 		τοῖς δήμοις
toîs dḗmois
Accusative τὸν δῆμον
tòn dêmon 		τὼ δήμω
tṑ dḗmō 		τοὺς δήμους
toùs dḗmous
Vocative δῆμε
dême 		δήμω
dḗmō 		δῆμοι
dêmoi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
Synonyms

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δῆμος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 325, posits after Pedersen possibly feminine Proto-Indo-European *deh₂mos (“people”) by comparing Old Welsh dauu (“client”), Welsh daw, dawf (“son-in-law”), Old Cornish dof (“son-in-law”), Old Irish dám (“company”), though the Celtic terms are now connected to *dṓm (“house, home”) (see them for more)
  2. ^ δῆμος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Further reading

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.