κοῖλος

See also: κοίλος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κοίϊλος (koíïlos) — Aeolic, Ionic
κόϊλος (kóïlos), κώϊλος (kṓïlos) — Aeolic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱowilos, from *ḱewH- (“hollow”) (which may be identical to *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”)). Cognates include Latin cavus (“cave”), Middle Irish cúa (“hollow”), Old English hol (English hole, hollow), Albanian thellë (“deep”),^[1] and Sanskrit शून्य (śūnyá, “zero, empty”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kôi̯.los/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈky.los/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.los/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.los/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.los/

Adjective

κοῖλος • (koîlos) m (feminine κοίλη, neuter κοῖλον); first/second declension

hollow, mostly as an epithet of ships
1. (κοίλη ναῦς) the hollow or hold of a ship
2. roomy
3. empty
(of places) lying in a hollow, or forming a hollow
1. lying between cliffs
sea swell
plate
(figuratively, of the voice) hollow
(neuter substantive) a hollow, cavity
1. (in the plural) flanks
concave
Antonym: κυρτός (kurtós)

Inflection

First and second declension of κοῖλος; κοίλη; κοῖλον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κοῖλος koîlos	κοίλη koílē	κοῖλον koîlon	κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō	κοῖλοι koîloi	κοῖλαι koîlai	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Genitive	κοίλου koílou	κοίλης koílēs	κοίλου koílou	κοίλοιν koíloin	κοίλαιν koílain	κοίλοιν koíloin	κοίλων koílōn	κοίλων koílōn	κοίλων koílōn
Dative	κοίλῳ koílōi	κοίλῃ koílēi	κοίλῳ koílōi	κοίλοιν koíloin	κοίλαιν koílain	κοίλοιν koíloin	κοίλοις koílois	κοίλαις koílais	κοίλοις koílois
Accusative	κοῖλον koîlon	κοίλην koílēn	κοῖλον koîlon	κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō	κοίλους koílous	κοίλᾱς koílās	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Vocative	κοῖλε koîle	κοίλη koílē	κοῖλον koîlon	κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō	κοῖλοι koîloi	κοῖλαι koîlai	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	κοίλως koílōs			κοιλότερος koilóteros			κοιλότᾰτος koilótătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of κοῖλος; κοίλη; κοῖλον (Epic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κοῖλος koîlos	κοίλη koílē	κοῖλον koîlon	κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō	κοῖλοι koîloi	κοῖλαι koîlai	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Genitive	κοίλου / κοιλοῖο / κοίλοιο / κοιλόο / κοίλοο koílou / koiloîo / koíloio / koilóo / koíloo	κοίλης koílēs	κοίλου / κοιλοῖο / κοίλοιο / κοιλόο / κοίλοο koílou / koiloîo / koíloio / koilóo / koíloo	κοίλοιν / κοίλοιῐν koíloi(ĭ)n	κοίλαιν / κοίλαιῐν / κοίλῃῐν koílai(ĭ)n / koílēiĭn	κοίλοιν / κοίλοιῐν koíloi(ĭ)n	κοίλων koílōn	κοιλᾱ́ων / κοιλέ͜ων / κοιλῶν koilā́ōn / koilé͜ōn / koilôn	κοίλων koílōn
Dative	κοίλῳ koílōi	κοίλῃ koílēi	κοίλῳ koílōi	κοίλοιν / κοίλοιῐν koíloi(ĭ)n	κοίλαιν / κοίλαιῐν / κοίλῃῐν koílai(ĭ)n / koílēiĭn	κοίλοιν / κοίλοιῐν koíloi(ĭ)n	κοίλοισῐ / κοίλοισῐν / κοίλοις koíloisĭ(n) / koílois	κοίλῃσῐ / κοίλῃσῐν / κοίλῃς / κοίλαις koílēisĭ(n) / koílēis / koílais	κοίλοισῐ / κοίλοισῐν / κοίλοις koíloisĭ(n) / koílois
Accusative	κοῖλον koîlon	κοίλην koílēn	κοῖλον koîlon	κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō	κοίλους koílous	κοίλᾱς koílās	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Vocative	κοῖλε koîle	κοίλη koílē	κοῖλον koîlon	κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō	κοῖλοι koîloi	κοῖλαι koîlai	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	κοίλως koílōs			κοιλότερος koilóteros			κοιλότᾰτος koilótătos
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

κοιλία (koilía)

Descendants

Translingual: Coelodiazesis
→ English: coelo-

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κοῖλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 730-1