κύαρ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

An old r/n-stem from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”), which is found thematicized in Avestan 𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀 (sūra, “hole, lacuna”), as well as in Old Armenian սոր (sor, “hole”); a thematic n-stem occurs in Sanskrit शून (śūna, “tumid, tumescent”), सून (sūna, “emptiness, lack”), शून्य (śūnya, “empty, void”). An l-stem is supposed in κύλα (kúla, “holes under the eyelids”), but see κοῖλος (koîlos, “hollow”) too. These words are generally connected with the group of κῠ́ω (kŭ́ō, “to be pregnant with”), assuming a basic meaning "curvation", whence both "hole" and "vaulting".

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ký.ar/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈky.ar/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.ar/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.ar/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.ar/

Noun

κῠ́ᾰρ • (kŭ́ăr) n (genitive κῠ́ᾰτος); third declension

eye of a needle
(anatomy) orifice of the ear, earhole

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ κῠ́ᾰρ; τοῦ κῠ́ᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ κῠ́ᾰρ tò kŭ́ăr	τὼ κῠ́ᾰτε tṑ kŭ́ăte	τᾰ̀ κῠ́ᾰτᾰ tằ kŭ́ătă
Genitive	τοῦ κῠ́ᾰτος toû kŭ́ătos	τοῖν κῠᾰ́τοιν toîn kŭắtoin	τῶν κῠᾰ́των tôn kŭắtōn
Dative	τῷ κῠ́ᾰτῐ tōî kŭ́ătĭ	τοῖν κῠᾰ́τοιν toîn kŭắtoin	τοῖς κῠ́ᾰσῐ / κῠ́ᾰσῐν toîs kŭ́ăsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ κῠ́ᾰρ tò kŭ́ăr	τὼ κῠ́ᾰτε tṑ kŭ́ăte	τᾰ̀ κῠ́ᾰτᾰ tằ kŭ́ătă
Vocative	κῠ́ᾰρ kŭ́ăr	κῠ́ᾰτε kŭ́ăte	κῠ́ᾰτᾰ kŭ́ătă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Further reading