μακρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *makrós, from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ḱrós, from *meh₂ḱ- (“to increase”). By surface analysis, μῆκος (mêkos) +‎ -ρός (-rós). Cognates include Latin macer and Old English mæger.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ma.krós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/

Adjective

μᾰκρός • (măkrós) m (feminine μᾰκρᾱ́, neuter μᾰκρόν); first/second declension

long
tall, deep
far, distant
large
(time) long
(grammar, of vowels) long

Inflection

First and second declension of μᾰκρός; μᾰκρᾱ́; μᾰκρόν (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	μᾰκρός măkrós	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρόν măkrón	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκροί măkroí	μᾰκραί măkraí	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Genitive	μᾰκροῦ măkroû	μᾰκρᾶς măkrâs	μᾰκροῦ măkroû	μᾰκροῖν măkroîn	μᾰκραῖν măkraîn	μᾰκροῖν măkroîn	μᾰκρῶν măkrôn	μᾰκρῶν măkrôn	μᾰκρῶν măkrôn
Dative	μᾰκρῷ măkrōî	μᾰκρᾷ măkrāî	μᾰκρῷ măkrōî	μᾰκροῖν măkroîn	μᾰκραῖν măkraîn	μᾰκροῖν măkroîn	μᾰκροῖς măkroîs	μᾰκραῖς măkraîs	μᾰκροῖς măkroîs
Accusative	μᾰκρόν măkrón	μᾰκρᾱ́ν măkrā́n	μᾰκρόν măkrón	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρούς măkroús	μᾰκρᾱ́ς măkrā́s	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Vocative	μᾰκρέ măkré	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρόν măkrón	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ măkrā́	μᾰκρώ măkrṓ	μᾰκροί măkroí	μᾰκραί măkraí	μᾰκρᾰ́ măkrắ
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	μᾰκρῶς măkrôs			μᾰκρότερος / μᾰ́σσων măkróteros / mắssōn			μᾰκρότᾰτος / μήκῐστος măkrótătos / mḗkĭstos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “long”): βραχύς (brakhús)

Derived terms

μᾰκραίων (măkraíōn)
μᾰκρᾱ́ν (măkrā́n)
μᾰκραύχην (măkraúkhēn)
μᾰκρηγορέω (măkrēgoréō)
μᾰκρηγορίᾱ (măkrēgoríā)
μᾰκρόβιος (măkróbios)
μᾰκροβιότης (măkrobiótēs)
μᾰκρογόγγυλος (măkrogóngulos)
μάκροθεν (mákrothen)
μᾰκροθῡμέω (măkrothūméō)
μᾰκροθῡμίᾱ (măkrothūmíā)
μᾰκρόθῡμος (măkróthūmos)
μᾰκροκέφαλος (măkroképhalos)
μᾰκρολογέω (măkrologéō)
μᾰκρολογίᾱ (măkrologíā)
μᾰκρολόγος (măkrológos)
μᾰκρόουρος (măkróouros)
μᾰκροτέρως (măkrotérōs)
μᾰκρότης (măkrótēs)
μᾰκρότονος (măkrótonos)
μᾰκροτράχηλος (măkrotrákhēlos)
μᾰκρύνω (măkrúnō)
μάκρων (mákrōn)
ὑπόμᾰκρος (hupómăkros)

Related terms

μῆκος (mêkos, “length”)

Descendants

English: macro-, macron (via μακρόν (makrón))
Latin: macrochaeta

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μακρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 895

“μακρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“μακρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“μακρός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
μακρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
μακρός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“μακρός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G3117 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- ample idem, page 28.
- big idem, page 78.
- capacious idem, page 111.
- circuitous idem, page 132.
- commodious idem, page 148.
- distant idem, page 240.
- extensive idem, page 296.
- far idem, page 306.
- great idem, page 372.
- lank idem, page 476.
- large idem, page 476.
- lengthy idem, page 485.
- lingering idem, page 493.
- livelong idem, page 496.
- long idem, page 498.
- long-winded idem, page 498.
- palatial idem, page 589.
- prolix idem, page 653.
- prolong idem, page 653.
- remote idem, page 694.
- roundabout idem, page 723.
- spacious idem, page 797.
- tedious idem, page 859.
- verbose idem, page 948.
- voluminous idem, page 956.
- windy idem, page 981.
- wordy idem, page 988.
μακρός, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μακρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 895

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