ξηρός

• ξερός (xerós) — Ionic

From Proto-Indo-European *kseros (“dry”). Cognates include Latin serescō, Old High German serawēn, Old Armenian չոր (čʻor), Middle Armenian չիր (čʻir), and perhaps Sanskrit क्षार (kṣārá, “sharp, acrid, pungent”). However, the lengthened vowel η where ε would normally be expected is problematic.^[1]

ξηρός • (xērós) m (feminine ξηρᾱ́, neuter ξηρόν); first/second declension

1. dry

   Synonym: αὖος (aûos)

   Antonym: ὑγρός (hugrós)

   1. dry land
      • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Exodus 4.9
2. The effects of being without water: parched, withered
3. By extension: shrunken, paralyzed, lean
4. (voice) rough, hoarse
5. fasting

• ξηρίον (xēríon)
• ξηρότης (xērótēs)
• ξηραίνω (xēraínō)

• →? Translingual: Xerus

• “ξηρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ξηρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ξηρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G3584 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• ξηρός in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • dry idem, page 255.
  • fleshless idem, page 327.
  • haggard idem, page 380.
  • lean idem, page 482.
  • meagre idem, page 519.
  • parched idem, page 592.
  • sear idem, page 746.
  • seasoned idem, page 746.
  • shrivelled idem, page 771.
  • skinny idem, page 781.
  • spare idem, page 798.
  • tearless idem, page 859.
  • thin idem, page 866.
  • wasted idem, page 965.
  • withered idem, page 984.
• ξηρός, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

• ξερός (xerós)

• IPA^(key): /ksiˈɾos/

ξηρός • (xirós) m (feminine ξηρή or ξηρά, neuter ξηρό)

1. (literary) dry, dried, arid

   το κλίμα είναι πολύ ξηρό

   to klíma eínai polý xiró

   the climate is very dry

2. (literary) dry, not sweet

   ξηρός οίνος ― xirós oínos ― dry wine

The use of this form is restricted to special terms, such as those listed below:

• ξηρό κλίμα n (xiró klíma, “dry climate”)
• αποξηραμένος (apoxiraménos, “dried, desiccated”)
• ξηρή ατμόσφαιρα f (xirí atmósfaira, “dry atmosphere”)
• ξηρές σταφίδες f pl (xirés stafídes, “dried fruit”)
• ξηρά τροφή f (xirá trofí, “dry food, dried food”)
• ξηρό στοιχείο n (xiró stoicheío, “dry cell”)
• ξηροί καρποί m pl (xiroí karpoí, “dried fruit, dried nuts”)
• ξηρός οίνος m (xirós oínos, “dry wine”)
• ξηρός πάγος m (xirós págos, “dry ice”)

• see: ξερός (xerós)

• ξηρός, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language