πάθος
See also: παθός
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From παθ- (path-), zero-grade of the root of πᾰ́σχω (pắskhō, “I feel, suffer”).[1] Compare the aorist ἔπαθον (épathon). Related to πένθος (pénthos), as βάθος (báthos) is related to βένθος (bénthos).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pá.tʰos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpa.tʰos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpa.θos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpa.θos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpa.θos/
Noun
πᾰ́θος • (pắthos) n (genitive πᾰ́θους or πᾰ́θεος); third declension
- pain, suffering, death
- misfortune, calamity, disaster, misery
- disease
- any strong feeling, passion, emotion
- condition, state
- incident
- modification of words
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ πᾰ́θος tò pắthos |
τὼ πᾰ́θει tṑ pắthei |
τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θη tằ pắthē | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ πᾰ́θους toû pắthous |
τοῖν πᾰθοῖν toîn păthoîn |
τῶν πᾰθῶν tôn păthôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ πᾰ́θει tōî pắthei |
τοῖν πᾰθοῖν toîn păthoîn |
τοῖς πᾰ́θεσῐ / πᾰ́θεσῐν toîs pắthesĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ πᾰ́θος tò pắthos |
τὼ πᾰ́θει tṑ pắthei |
τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θη tằ pắthē | ||||||||||
| Vocative | πᾰ́θος pắthos |
πᾰ́θει pắthei |
πᾰ́θη pắthē | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ πᾰ́θος tò pắthos |
τὼ πᾰ́θει tṑ pắthei |
τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θη tằ pắthē | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ πᾰ́θους toû pắthous |
τοῖν πᾰθοῖν toîn păthoîn |
τῶν πᾰθῶν tôn păthôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ πᾰ́θει tōî pắthei |
τοῖν πᾰθοῖν toîn păthoîn |
τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν πᾰ́θεσῐ / πᾰ́θεσῐν toîsĭ(n) pắthesĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ πᾰ́θος tò pắthos |
τὼ πᾰ́θει tṑ pắthei |
τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θη tằ pắthē | ||||||||||
| Vocative | πᾰ́θος pắthos |
πᾰ́θει pắthei |
πᾰ́θη pắthē | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ πᾰ́θος tò pắthos |
τὼ πᾰ́θει / πᾰ́θεε tṑ pắthei / pắthee |
τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θεᾰ tằ pắtheă | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ πᾰ́θεος / πᾰ́θευς toû pắtheos / pắtheus |
τοῖν πᾰθέοιν toîn păthéoin |
τῶν πᾰθέων tôn păthéōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ πᾰ́θει / πᾰ́θεῐ̈ tōî pắthei / pắtheĭ̈ |
τοῖν πᾰθέοιν toîn păthéoin |
τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν πᾰ́θεσῐ / πᾰ́θεσῐν toîsĭ(n) pắthesĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ πᾰ́θος tò pắthos |
τὼ πᾰ́θει / πᾰ́θεε tṑ pắthei / pắthee |
τᾰ̀ πᾰ́θεᾰ tằ pắtheă | ||||||||||
| Vocative | πᾰ́θος pắthos |
πᾰ́θει / πᾰ́θεε pắthei / pắthee |
πᾰ́θεᾰ pắtheă | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Descendants
- → English: pathos
- → French: pathos
- Greek: πάθος (páthos)
- → Russian: па́фос (páfos)
- → Ukrainian: па́тос (pátos), па́фос (páfos)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πάθος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1142
Further reading
- “πάθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πάθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- πάθος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- G3806 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- adventure idem, page 14.
- adversity idem, page 15.
- affection idem, page 16.
- calamity idem, page 108.
- casualty idem, page 117.
- catastrophe idem, page 118.
- check idem, page 128.
- condition idem, page 157.
- disaster idem, page 228.
- emotion idem, page 268.
- evil idem, page 286.
- fatality idem, page 309.
- fate idem, page 309.
- feeling idem, page 313.
- ill idem, page 414.
- incident idem, page 428.
- mischance idem, page 533.
- misfortune idem, page 534.
- occurrence idem, page 569.
- passion idem, page 597.
- pathos idem, page 598.
- phase idem, page 610.
- phenomenon idem, page 610.
- property idem, page 653.
- quality idem, page 663.
- sensation idem, page 752.
- sensibility idem, page 753.
- state idem, page 812.
- tragedy idem, page 886.
- unhappiness idem, page 920.
- woe idem, page 986.
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek πάθος (páthos).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpa.θo̞s/
- Hyphenation: πά‧θος
Noun
πάθος • (páthos) n (plural πάθη)
- pathos
- empathy
- disease, misfortune, suffering, loss, grief
- passion, affection
- animosity
- grudge
- occurrence, accident
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | πάθος (páthos) | πάθη (páthi) |
| genitive | πάθους (páthous) | παθών (pathón) |
| accusative | πάθος (páthos) | πάθη (páthi) |
| vocative | πάθος (páthos) | πάθη (páthi) |
Derived terms
- παθαίνω (pathaíno, “to suffer”)
- -πάθεια f (-pátheia, “disease suffix”)
- πάθημα n (páthima, “misfortune, mishap”)
- παθητική (pathitikí)
- παθητικός (pathitikós, “passive”, adjective)
- παθιάζομαι (pathiázomai, “to become passionate”)
- παθιάζω (pathiázo)
- παθιασμένος (pathiasménos, “impassioned”)
- πάσχω (páscho, “to suffer from”)