παῖς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

    From Proto-Hellenic *pā́wits. Cognates include Latin puer, Sanskrit पुत्र (putrá, “son”), and Avestan 𐬞𐬎𐬚𐬭𐬀 (puθra, “son”).

    Pronunciation

     

    Noun

    παῖς • (paîs) m or f (genitive παιδός); third declension

    1. child
    2. slave
    3. servant

    Usage notes

    • The Doric genitive plural is παιδῶν (paidôn) and the Epic dative plural is παίδεσσι (paídessi).
    • Alcman has accusative singular παίδα (paída).

    Declension

    Third declension of ὁ, ἡ παῖς; τοῦ, τῆς παιδός (Attic)
    Case / # Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative ὁ, ἡ παῖς
    ho, hē paîs     		τὼ παῖδε
    tṑ paîde     		οἱ, αἱ παῖδες
    hoi, hai paîdes
    Genitive τοῦ, τῆς παιδός
    toû, tês paidós     		τοῖν παίδοιν
    toîn paídoin     		τῶν παίδων
    tôn paídōn
    Dative τῷ, τῇ παιδῐ́
    tōî, tēî paidĭ́     		τοῖν παίδοιν
    toîn paídoin     		τοῖς, ταῖς παισῐ́ / παισῐ́ν
    toîs, taîs paisĭ́(n)
    Accusative τὸν, τὴν παῖδᾰ
    tòn, tḕn paîdă     		τὼ παῖδε
    tṑ paîde     		τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς παῖδᾰς
    toùs, tā̀s paîdăs
    Vocative παῖ
    paî     		παῖδε
    paîde     		παῖδες
    paîdes
    Notes:
    • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
    • Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Greek: παιδί (paidí), -παις (-pais)

    References

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