πορφύρα
See also: πορφυρά
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- πορφύρρη (porphúrrhē) — Ionic
Etymology
Traditionally derived from πορφύρω (porphúrō, “I redden”), itself related to φύρω (phúrō, “I mix”), Hittite 𒁍𒊒𒌓 (purut, “mud, soil”), Sanskrit भुरति (bhuráti, “have convulsions, sprawl”).[1] However, Beekes does not dismiss a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the absence of connections in other Indo-European languages.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /por.pʰý.raː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /porˈpʰy.ra/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /porˈɸy.ra/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /porˈfy.ra/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /porˈfi.ra/
Noun
πορφῠ́ρᾱ • (porphŭ́rā) f (genitive πορφῠ́ρᾱς); first declension
- purple-fish (Hexaplex trunculus)
- Synonym: κᾰ́λχη (kắlkhē)
- a purple dye obtained from it
- (in the plural) cloths of purple
- purple stripe or other adornment of a garment
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ πορφῠ́ρᾱ hē porphŭ́rā |
τὼ πορφῠ́ρᾱ tṑ porphŭ́rā |
αἱ πορφῠ́ραι hai porphŭ́rai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς πορφῠ́ρᾱς tês porphŭ́rās |
τοῖν πορφῠ́ραιν toîn porphŭ́rain |
τῶν πορφῠρῶν tôn porphŭrôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ πορφῠ́ρᾳ tēî porphŭ́rāi |
τοῖν πορφῠ́ραιν toîn porphŭ́rain |
ταῖς πορφῠ́ραις taîs porphŭ́rais | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν πορφῠ́ρᾱν tḕn porphŭ́rān |
τὼ πορφῠ́ρᾱ tṑ porphŭ́rā |
τᾱ̀ς πορφῠ́ρᾱς tā̀s porphŭ́rās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | πορφῠ́ρᾱ porphŭ́rā |
πορφῠ́ρᾱ porphŭ́rā |
πορφῠ́ραι porphŭ́rai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἁλιπόρφυρος (halipórphuros)
- ἐπιπόρφυρος (epipórphuros)
- ὁλοπόρφυρος (holopórphuros)
- παμπόρφυρος (pampórphuros)
- περιπόρφυρος (peripórphuros)
- πλᾰτῠπόρφῠρος (plătŭpórphŭros)
- πορφυράνθεμος (porphuránthemos)
- πορφυρεῖον (porphureîon)
- πορφύρεος (porphúreos)
- πορφυρεύς (porphureús)
- πορφυρευτής (porphureutḗs)
- πορφυρεύω (porphureúō)
- πορφυρίζω (porphurízō)
- πορφυρική (porphurikḗ)
- πορφύριον (porphúrion)
- πορφυρίς (porphurís)
- πορφυρίτης (porphurítēs)
- πορφυρῖτις (porphurîtis)
- πορφυρίων (porphuríōn)
- πορφυρόβαπτος (porphuróbaptos)
- πορφυροβάφος (porphurobáphos)
- πορφυροδίνης (porphurodínēs)
- πορφυροειδής (porphuroeidḗs)
- πορφυρόεις (porphuróeis)
- πορφυροεργής (porphuroergḗs)
- πορφυρόζωνος (porphurózōnos)
- πορφυρόκαυλος (porphurókaulos)
- πορφυροκλέπτης (porphurokléptēs)
- πορφυρομιγής (porphuromigḗs)
- πορφυρόνωτος (porphurónōtos)
- πορφυρόπεζα (porphurópeza)
- πορφυροπώλης (porphuropṓlēs)
- πορφυρόστρωτος (porphuróstrōtos)
- πορφυροσχήμων (porphuroskhḗmōn)
- πορφυροῦς (porphuroûs)
- πορφυρόχροος (porphurókhroos)
- πορφῠ́ρω (porphŭ́rō)
- πορφυρώδης (porphurṓdēs)
- ὑποπόρφυρος (hupopórphuros)
- ψευδοπόρφυρον (pseudopórphuron)
Descendants
- Greek: πορφύρα (porfýra)
- → Latin: purpura (see there for further descendants)
- → Translingual: Porphyra
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πορφύρω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1224
Further reading
- “πορφύρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πορφύρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- πορφύρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek πορφύρα (porphúra).
Noun
πορφύρα • (porfýra) f (plural πορφύρες)
- murex (the mollusc)
- Tyrian purple, royal purple (the dye, and its colour, obtained from the mollusc)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | πορφύρα (porfýra) | πορφύρες (porfýres) |
| genitive | πορφύρας (porfýras) | — |
| accusative | πορφύρα (porfýra) | πορφύρες (porfýres) |
| vocative | πορφύρα (porfýra) | πορφύρες (porfýres) |
Synonyms
- (colour): πορφυρό n (porfyró)
Related terms
- πορφυρός (porfyrós, “purple”, adjective)
Further reading
- Πορφύρα (χρωστική) on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el