σοφιστής

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From σοφίζω (sophízō, “to become wise”) +‎ -ιστής (-istḗs), from σοφός (sophós, “wise”).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

σοφῐστής • (sophĭstḗs) m (genitive σοφῐστοῦ); first declension (Attic, Ionic, Koine)

  1. A master of one's craft
  2. One who is wise, prudent, a philosopher
  3. teacher, tutor
  4. (slang, derogatory) One who makes a profit off of false wisdom: cheat, swindler

Usage notes

The reputation of the teachers at Athens came into decline in the fifth century BC, and thus came the connotation of cheat. This varies with time in relation to the general approval or disapproval of the paid teachers.

Inflection

First declension of ὁ σοφῐστής; τοῦ σοφῐστοῦ (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ σοφῐστής
ho sophĭstḗs 		τὼ σοφῐστᾱ́
tṑ sophĭstā́ 		οἱ σοφῐσταί
hoi sophĭstaí
Genitive τοῦ σοφῐστοῦ
toû sophĭstoû 		τοῖν σοφῐσταῖν
toîn sophĭstaîn 		τῶν σοφῐστῶν
tôn sophĭstôn
Dative τῷ σοφῐστῇ
tōî sophĭstēî 		τοῖν σοφῐσταῖν
toîn sophĭstaîn 		τοῖς σοφῐσταῖς
toîs sophĭstaîs
Accusative τὸν σοφῐστήν
tòn sophĭstḗn 		τὼ σοφῐστᾱ́
tṑ sophĭstā́ 		τοὺς σοφῐστᾱ́ς
toùs sophĭstā́s
Vocative σοφῐστᾰ́
sophĭstắ 		σοφῐστᾱ́
sophĭstā́ 		σοφῐσταί
sophĭstaí
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Coordinate terms

  • σοφῐ́στρῐᾰ f (sophĭ́strĭă)

Derived terms

  • ἀκᾰτᾰσόφῐστος (akătăsóphĭstos, “not to be put down by fallacies”)
  • ἀντισοφῐστής m (antisophĭstḗs, “who seeks to refute”)
  • ἀσόφῐστος (asóphĭstos, “not deluded by fallacies”)
  • γυμνοσοφῐσταί m pl (gumnosophĭstaí, “naked philosophers, gymnosophists”)
  • γυμνοσοφῐστῐ́ᾱ f (gumnosophĭstĭ́ā, “wisdom of gymnosophists”)
  • Δειπνοσοφισταί m pl (Deipnosophistaí, “title of work by Athenaeus”)
  • δειπνοσοφῐστής m (deipnosophĭstḗs, “learned in the mysteries of the kitchen”)
  • ἰᾱτροσοφῐστής m (iātrosophĭstḗs, “professor of medicine”)
  • ἰᾱτροφῐλόσοφος m (iātrophĭlósophos, “scientific doctor”)
  • μεγᾰλοσοφῐστής m (megălosophĭstḗs, “great sophist”)
  • μετεωροσοφῐστής m (meteōrosophĭstḗs, “astronomical sophist”)
  • σοφῐστορήτωρ m (sophĭstorḗtōr, “sophist-orator”)
  • ῠ̔περσοφῐστής m (hŭpersophĭstḗs, “arch-sophist”)
  • ψευδοσοφῐστής m (pseudosophĭstḗs, “sham-sophist”)
  • ἀκᾰτᾰσόφῐστος (akătăsóphĭstos, “not to be put down by fallacies”)
  • ἀσόφῐστος (asóphĭstos, “not deluded by fallacies”)
  • σοφῐστείᾱ f (sophĭsteíā, “sophistry”)
  • σοφῐστέον (sophĭstéon, “one must contrive”)
  • σοφῐστέος (sophĭstéos, “one must contrive”)
  • σοφῐ́στευμᾰ n (sophĭ́steumă, “skill, method”)
  • σοφῐστεύω (sophĭsteúō, “play the sophist; teach, give lectures”)
  • σοφῐστήρῐον n (sophĭstḗrĭon, “school of sophistry”)
  • σοφῐστῐάω (sophĭstĭáō, “play the sophist”)
  • σοφῐστῐκός (sophĭstĭkós, “of a sophist”)

Descendants

  • Greek: σοφιστής (sofistís)
  • → Arabic:
    Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: סופיסטה, סופיסטא, סופיסטיס
    Classical Syriac: ܣܘܿܦܝܺܣܛܳܐ (sōpisṭā), ܣܦܣܛܐ, ܣܘܦܣܛܐ, ܣܦܝܣܛܘܣ
  • → Latin: sophistēs, sophista (all periods), sofista (Medieval Latin)

Further reading

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