στέαρ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

στεῖᾰρ (steîăr), στῆρ (stêr)

Etymology

With quantitative metathesis of ῆᾰ (êă) to έᾱ (éā), from Proto-Hellenic *stā́wər, from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂-wr̥, from *steh₂- (“to stand”). Compare πῖαρ (pîar), οὖθᾰρ (oûthăr).^[1]

Compare typologically Proto-Slavic *sadlo (whence Bulgarian са́ло (sálo), Polish sadło, Russian са́ло (sálo)) related to *sěsti, *saditi, *sad'ati, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sed-.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sté.ar/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈste.ar/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈste.ar/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈste.ar/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈste.ar/

Noun

στέᾰρ • (stéăr) n (genitive στέᾱτος); third declension

hard fat, tallow, suet
dough made from flour of spelt

Declension

Third declension of τὸ στέᾰρ; τοῦ στέᾱτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ στέᾰρ tò stéăr	τὼ στέᾱτε tṑ stéāte	τᾰ̀ στέᾱτᾰ tằ stéātă
Genitive	τοῦ στέᾱτος toû stéātos	τοῖν στεᾱ́τοιν toîn steā́toin	τῶν στεᾱ́των tôn steā́tōn
Dative	τῷ στέᾱτῐ tōî stéātĭ	τοῖν στεᾱ́τοιν toîn steā́toin	τοῖς στέᾱσῐ / στέᾱσῐν toîs stéāsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ στέᾰρ tò stéăr	τὼ στέᾱτε tṑ stéāte	τᾰ̀ στέᾱτᾰ tằ stéātă
Vocative	στέᾰρ stéăr	στέᾱτε stéāte	στέᾱτᾰ stéātă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

- στεάζω (steázō)
- στεάτινος (steátinos)
- στεάτιον (steátion)
- στεατοκήλη (steatokḗlē)
- στεατόομαι (steatóomai)
- στεατόω (steatóō)
- στεατώδης (steatṓdēs)
- στεάτωμα (steátōma)
- στεατωμάτιον (steatōmátion)

Descendants

⇒ French: stéarine
- → English: stearin, stearine
- → German: Stearin
- → Russian: стеари́н (stearín)
  - → Kazakh: стеарин (stearin)
- → Serbo-Croatian: стеа̀рӣн, steàrīn
- → Ukrainian: стеари́н (stearýn)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “στέαρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1392-1393

“στέαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“στέαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“στέαρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
στέαρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
στέαρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- suet idem, page 835.
- tallow idem, page 854.

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “στέαρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1392-1393

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