τάγηνον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

τήγανον (tḗganon)
ἤγανον (ḗganon)

Etymology

Beekes notes comparisons by Bezzenberger and Fick to Proto-Germanic *þakjaną (“to burn”), which he notes is isolated within Germanic, and takes the Greek, per Furnee, from a Pre-Greek substrate.^[1]

A further analysis of the origins of the borrowing takes the Greek term as a rebracketing of το (to) + *άγηνον (*ágēnon), with the latter equivalent to generic Semitic terms for a bowl, such as Aramaic אַגָּנָא / אַגָּאנָא / ܐܓܢܐ (ʾaggānā), Hebrew אַגָּן (ʾaggā́n), Ugaritic 𐎀𐎂𐎐 (ảgn), Akkadian 𒌓𒅗𒁇 (UD.KA.BAR /⁠agannum⁠/), and Egyptian jkn (“bowl”), of a vague borrowing source within the area of the present languages.^[2]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tá.ɡɛː.non/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈta.ɡe̝.non/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈta.ʝi.non/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈta.ʝi.non/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈta.ʝi.non/

Noun

τάγηνον • (tágēnon) n (genitive τᾰγήνου); second declension

frying pan, saucepan

Declension

Second declension of τὸ τάγηνον; τοῦ ταγήνου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ τάγηνον tò tágēnon	τὼ ταγήνω tṑ tagḗnō	τᾰ̀ τάγηνᾰ tằ tágēnă
Genitive	τοῦ ταγήνου toû tagḗnou	τοῖν ταγήνοιν toîn tagḗnoin	τῶν ταγήνων tôn tagḗnōn
Dative	τῷ ταγήνῳ tōî tagḗnōi	τοῖν ταγήνοιν toîn tagḗnoin	τοῖς ταγήνοις toîs tagḗnois
Accusative	τὸ τάγηνον tò tágēnon	τὼ ταγήνω tṑ tagḗnō	τᾰ̀ τάγηνᾰ tằ tágēnă
Vocative	τάγηνον tágēnon	ταγήνω tagḗnō	τάγηνᾰ tágēnă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ταγηνοστρόφιον (tagēnostróphion)
ταγηνῑ́της (tagēnī́tēs)

Descendants

Including descendants of the variant τήγανον (tḗganon)

→ Aramaic:
Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: טיגנה

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: טֵיגְנָא (ṭēḡnā)
Classical Syriac: ܛܓܢܐ (ṭēgnā), ܛܐܓܢܐ
- Turoyo: ܛܰܓ݂ܢܳܐ (ṭaġno)
- → Arabic: طَاجِن (ṭājin), طِيجَن (ṭījan), طَيْجَن (ṭayjan)
  - Andalusian Arabic: طجين (ṭajīn), طاجين (ṭājīn), طاجن (ṭājin, ṭājan)
  - Maltese: taġen
  - Moroccan Arabic: طجين (ṭajīn), طاجين (ṭājīn)
    → English: tajine
    → French: tagine
    → Portuguese: tagine
    → Spanish: tajín, tayín
→ Old Occitan: tian
- Provençal: tian
  - → French: tian
    - → English: tian
    - → Ligurian: tian
→ Persian: تیان (tiyân)
→ Sicilian: tiganu

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τάγηνον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1443-4
^ Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 802