вал

Blend of:

• Inherited from Proto-Slavic *valъ (“surge, wave”).
• Resultant noun of валя́ (valjá, “to tumble, to plummet”), iterative verb from *valъ.
• Instrumental noun of ва́лям (váljam, “to roll”), causative/inchoative verb from *valъ.
• Technical meaning borrowed from Russian вал (val), ultimately from the same origin as the native lemma.

• IPA^(key): [vaɫ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɫ

вал • (val) m

1. (obsolete) high wave, surge
2. (dialectal) bonfire (large fire)
3. mound, heap, rickle (accumulated mass)
4. roller, cylinder

   вал на трактор ― val na traktor ― tractor's roller

5. (technical) shaft

   коля́нов вал ― koljánov val ― crankshaft

• -вал (-val) (in compounds)
  • ветрова́л (vetrovál, “wind surge”)
  • самосва́л (samosvál, “tip-lorry”)

• вале́ж (valéž, “rainfall, snowfall”)
• ва́лог (válog, “depression between highlands”) (dialectal)
• валмо́ (valmó), ва́лка (válka, “ball, clump”) (dialectal)
• ва́ляк (váljak, “roller (machine)”)

• “вал”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “вал”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov (1895) “валъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 104
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вал¹, вал²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 113

From Proto-Mordvinic *valə, inherited from Proto-Uralic *wala. Cognates include Finnish vala (“oath”), Lule Sami vuolle (“song”), Nganasan бәлы (bəlɨ).

вал • (val)

1. word

   валонь смустезэ ― valoń smustezë ― the meaning of a word

   • 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 15:

     No uleze tynk valonk “isťa, isťa”, “araś, araś”; i meze uli tede uskula, se šaitansto.

     All you need to say is simply ‘Yes’ or ‘No’; anything beyond this comes from the evil one.

     (literally, “Let your words be [...]”)

2. promise

   Synonyms: мель-вал (meľ-val), алтамо (altamo)

   максомс вал ― maksoms val ― to promise

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

• nouns: валкс (valks), валнэ (valnë)

• B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “вал”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
• Entry #1684 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

Borrowed from Russian вал (val).

• IPA^(key): /ˈʋal/, [ˈʋäɫ]
• Rhymes: -al
• Hyphenation: вал

вал • (val)

1. billow, wave

• Bubrikh, Dmitry V. (1949) Грамматика литературного коми языка [Grammar of the literary Komi language] (in Russian), Leningrad: Zhdanov Leningrad State University, page 31
• L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 75

• IPA^(key): /val/

вал (val)

1. color

• 丹菊逸治 (Itsuji Tangiku) (2014) ニヴフ語サハリン方言語彙集 (“Sakhalin Nivkh word list”)‎^[2] (in Japanese), Sapporo: 北海道大学アイヌ・先住民研究センター (“Center for Ainu and Indigenous Studies, Hokkaido University”)

• валъ (val) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Inherited from Old East Slavic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ.

• IPA^(key): [vaɫ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɫ

вал • (val) m inan (genitive ва́ла, nominative plural валы́, genitive plural вало́в)

1. billow, roller
2. barrage fire
3. rampart
4. shaft, axle
5. gross output

   вы́полнить план по валу ― výpolnitʹ plan po valu ― to implement the plan by bulk output

• валово́й (valovój)
• ва́лом (válom)
• девя́тый вал (devjátyj val)

• → Komi-Zyrian: вал (val)

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вал”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “вал”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 132

• вал in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *valъ, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, roll”).

• IPA^(key): /ʋâːl/

ва̑л m inan (Latin spelling vȃl)

1. wave

• та̏ла̄с

From Proto-Permic *vɔ̇l, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *wälɜ. Cognates include Erzya ведрекш (vedrekš, “heifer”) and Estonian veis (“bull, ox”).

Permic cognates include Komi-Zyrian вӧв (vöv), Komi-Permyak вӧв (vöv) and Komi-Yazva вӧл (völ).

• IPA^(key): [ˈʋäl]
• Rhymes: -äl
• Hyphenation: вал

вал • (val)

1. horse

• L. E. Kirillova, L. L. Karpova, editors (2008), “вал”, in Удмурт-ӟуч кыллюкам [Udmurt-Russian dictionary], Izhevsk: Удмуртский институт истории, языка и литературы УрО РАН, →ISBN, page 101
• T. V. Voronova, T. A. Poyarkova, editor (2012), Удмурт-ӟуч, ӟуч-удмурт кыллюкам [Udmurt-Russian, Russian-Udmurt dictionary] (overall work in Russian), Izhevsk: Книжное издательство «Удмуртия», →ISBN, page 14
• Yrjö Wichmann, Toivo Emil Uotila (1987) Mikko Korhonen, editor, Wotjakischer Wortschatz [Votyak Vocabulary] (Lexica Societatis Fenno-Ugricae; Volume 21) (overall work in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 310

Inherited from Old East Slavic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ

• IPA^(key): [ʋaɫ]

• Audio:

  (file)

вал • (val) m inan (genitive ва́ла, nominative plural вали́, genitive plural валі́в)

1. billow, roller
2. breaker, mound

• “вал”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)