труд
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *trudъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [trut]
Noun
труд • (trud) m (relational adjective тру́ден or тру́дов)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | труд trud |
тру́дове trúdove |
| definite (subject form) |
трудъ́т trudǎ́t |
тру́довете trúdovete |
| definite (object form) |
труда́ trudá | |
| count form | — | тру́да trúda |
Derived terms
- сътру́дник (sǎtrúdnik, “associate, collaborator”)
- трудо- (trudo-)
- трудое́мък (trudoémǎk, “labor-intensive”)
- трудолю́бив (trudoljúbiv, “hard-working”)
- трудова́к (trudovák), тру́женик (trúženik, “laborer”)
- тру́дя се (trúdja se, “to toil, to work hard”)
References
- “труд”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “труд”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Macedonian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [trut]
- Homophone: трут (trut)
- Rhymes: -ut
Noun
труд • (trud) m (relational adjective труден)
- effort, endeavor
- work (something produced by effort)
- labour (e.g. child labour)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | труд (trud) | трудови (trudovi) |
| definite unspecified | трудот (trudot) | трудовите (trudovite) |
| definite proximal | трудов (trudov) | трудовиве (trudovive) |
| definite distal | трудон (trudon) | трудовине (trudovine) |
| vocative | труду (trudu) | трудови (trudovi) |
| count form | — | труда (truda) |
Russian
Alternative forms
- трудъ (trud) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic трудъ (trudŭ), from Proto-Slavic *trudъ, from Proto-Indo-European *trewd-, whence also English threat.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [trut]
Audio: (file) - Homophone: трут (trut)
- Rhymes: -ut
Noun
труд • (trud) m inan (genitive труда́, nominative plural труды́, genitive plural трудо́в, relational adjective трудово́й)
Declension
Related terms
- с трудо́м (s trudóm)
- сотру́дник (sotrúdnik)
- труди́ть (trudítʹ)
- тру́дный (trúdnyj)
- трудоустро́йство n (trudoustrójstvo)
- трудя́га (trudjága)
- трудя́щийся (trudjáščijsja)
- тру́женик (trúženik)
See also
- рабо́та (rabóta)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudъ.
Noun
тру̑д m inan (Latin spelling trȗd)
- effort, hard work
- (plural) contractions (while giving birth)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | труд | тру́дови / тру̑ди |
| genitive | труда | трудова / труда |
| dative | труду | трудовима / трудима |
| accusative | труд | трудове / труде |
| vocative | труде | трудови / труди |
| locative | труду | трудовима / трудима |
| instrumental | трудом | трудовима / трудима |
Ukrainian
Etymology
Inherited from Old Ruthenian трꙋдъ (trud), from Old East Slavic трꙋдъ (trudŭ), from Proto-Slavic *trudъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [trud]
Audio: (file)
Noun
труд • (trud) m inan (genitive труда́, nominative plural труди́, genitive plural труді́в, relational adjective трудови́й)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | труд trud |
труди́ trudý |
| genitive | труда́ trudá |
труді́в trudív |
| dative | трудо́ві, труду́ trudóvi, trudú |
труда́м trudám |
| accusative | труд trud |
труди́ trudý |
| instrumental | трудо́м trudóm |
труда́ми trudámy |
| locative | труді́ trudí |
труда́х trudáx |
| vocative | тру́де trúde |
труди́ trudý |
Derived terms
- труда́р m (trudár)
- труди́ти impf (trudýty)
- трудівли́вий (trudivlývyj)
- трудівни́к m (trudivnýk), трудівни́ця f (trudivnýcja)
- трудкни́жка f (trudknýžka)
- трудколо́нія f (trudkolónija)
- тру́дний (trúdnyj)
- трудови́к m (trudovýk)
- трудовлашто́ваний (trudovlaštóvanyj)
- трудовлаштува́ння n (trudovlaštuvánnja)
- трудо́вник m (trudóvnyk), трудо́вниця f (trudóvnycja)
- трудого́лік m (trudohólik)
- трудоде́нь m (trudodénʹ)
- трудолю́б m (trudoljúb)
- трудомістки́й (trudomistkýj)
- трудотерапі́я f (trudoterapíja)
- трудшко́ла f (trudškóla)
- трудя́га gender-neutral (trudjáha)
- трудя́к m (trudják)
- трудя́ка gender-neutral (trudjáka)
References
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “труд”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2025), “труд”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–15 (а – п'ять), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “труд”, in English–Ukrainian Dictionaries
- “труд”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “труд”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “труд”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)