חודש

Hebrew

Etymology

Root
ח־ד־שׁ (kh-d-sh)
9 terms

Compare Ugaritic 𐎈𐎄𐎘 (ḥdṯ, “new moon”), Phoenician 𐤇𐤃𐤔 (ḥdš, “new moon, month”). Related to חָדָשׁ (khadásh, “new”) and originally merely referring to the new moon, which marks the beginning of a month in a lunar calender.

Pronunciation

(Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈχodeʃ/

Noun

חודש / חֹדֶשׁ • (khódesh) m (dual indefinite חודשיים / חׇדְשַׁיִם, plural indefinite חודשים / חֳדָשִׁים, plural construct חודשי / חׇדְשֵׁי־) [pattern: קֹטֶל]

month
Synonym: יֶרַח (yérakh)
- Tanach, Genesis 8:5, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
  וְ הַ מַּיִם הָיוּ הָלוֹךְ וְ חָסוֹר עַד הַחֹדֶשׁ הָ עֲשִׂירִי בָּ עֲשִׂירִי בְּ אֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ נִרְאוּ רָאשֵׁי הֶ הָרִים׃
  v'hamáyim hayú halókh v'khasór 'ád hakhódesh ha'asirí ba'asirí b'ekhád lakhódesh nir'ú rashéi heharím.
  wəhammáyim hāyū hālōḵ wəḥāsōr ʿaḏ haḥṓḏeš hāʿăśīrī bāʿăśīrī bəʾeḥāḏ laḥṓḏeš nirʾū rāšē hehārīm.
  And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month; in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen.
(Biblical Hebrew) new moon, the day of the new moon
- Tanach, 2 Kings 4:23, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
  וַיֹּאמֶר מַדּוּעַ אתי (אַתְּ) הלכתי (הֹלֶכֶת) אֵלָיו הַיּוֹם לֹא־חֹדֶשׁ וְ לֹא שַׁבָּת וַתֹּאמֶר שָׁלוֹם׃
  vayómer madúa' 'át holékhet 'eláv hayóm lo-khódesh v'ló shabát vatómer shalóm.
  wayyṓmer maddū́aʿ ʾatt hōléḵeṯ ʾēlāw hayyōm lō-ḥṓḏeš wəlō šabbāṯ wattṓmer šālōm.
  And he said: ‘Wherefore wilt thou go to him today? it is neither new moon nor sabbath.’ And she said: ‘It shall be well.’

Declension

Declension of חֹדֶשׁ
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
Number:	State:	form	Person:	singular		plural
Number:	State:	form	Person:	m	f	m	f
singular	indefinite	חֹדֶשׁ	first	חׇדְשִׁי		חׇדְשֵׁנוּ
	definite	הַחֹדֶשׁ	second	חׇדְשְׁךָ	חׇדְשֵׁךְ	חׇדְשְׁכֶם	חׇדְשְׁכֶן
	construct	חֹדֶשׁ־	third	חׇדְשׁוֹ	חׇדְשָׁהּ	חׇדְשָׁם	חׇדְשָׁן
dual	indefinite	חדשיים / חׇדְשַׁיִם	first	חדשיי / חׇדְשַׁי		חׇדְשֵׁינוּ
	definite	החדשיים / הַחׇדְשַׁיִם	second	חׇדְשֶׁיךָ	חדשייך / חׇדְשַׁיִךְ	חׇדְשֵׁיכֶם	חׇדְשֵׁיכֶן
	construct	חׇדְשֵׁי־	third	חׇדְשָׁיו	חׇדְשֶׁיהָ	חׇדְשֵׁיהֶם	חׇדְשֵׁיהֶן
plural	indefinite	חֳדָשִׁים	first	חדשיי / חֳדָשַׁי		חֳדָשֵׁינוּ
	definite	הַחֳדָשִׁים	second	חֳדָשֶׁיךָ	חדשייך / חֳדָשַׁיִךְ	חׇדְשֵׁיכֶם	חׇדְשֵׁיכֶן
	construct	חׇדְשֵׁי־	third	חֳדָשָׁיו	חֳדָשֶׁיהָ	חׇדְשֵׁיהֶם	חׇדְשֵׁיהֶן