שבת

Aramaic

Verb

שְׁבַת • (šəḇaṯ)

  1. rest; observe the Sabbath

Noun

שַׁבַּת • (šabbaṯ)

  1. singular construct state of שבתא

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
שׁ־ב־ת (sh-b-t)
4 terms

    Possibly from Akkadian 𒊭𒉺𒀜𒌈 (šapattum, the middle day of the lunar month).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    שַׁבָּת • (shabátf (plural indefinite שַׁבָּתוֹת)

    1. Shabbat, Sabbath; weekly day of rest
    2. Saturday
    3. (archaic) week (Mishnaic Hebrew)
    Derived terms
    Descendants
    References

    Verb

    שָׁבַת • (shavát) (pa'al construction, future ישבות / יִשְׁבֹּת)

    1. to stop working, to rest
    2. to go on strike
    Conjugation
    Conjugation of שָׁבַת (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
    non-finite forms to-infinitive לשבות / לִשְׁבֹּת
    action noun שְׁבִיתָה
    passive participle
    finite forms singular plural
    m f m f
    past first שבתתי / שָׁבַתִּי שָׁבַתְנוּ
    second שבתת / שָׁבַתָּ שבתת / שָׁבַתְּ שבתתם / שְׁבַתֶּם1 שבתתן / שְׁבַתֶּן1
    third שָׁבַת שָׁבְתָה שָׁבְתוּ
    present שׁוֹבֵת שׁוֹבֶתֶת שׁוֹבְתִים שׁוֹבְתוֹת
    future first אשבות / אֶשְׁבֹּת נשבות / נִשְׁבֹּת
    second תשבות / תִּשְׁבֹּת תִּשְׁבְּתִי תִּשְׁבְּתוּ תשבותנה / תִּשְׁבֹּתְנָה2
    third ישבות / יִשְׁבֹּת תשבות / תִּשְׁבֹּת יִשְׁבְּתוּ תשבותנה / תִּשְׁבֹּתְנָה2
    imperative שבות / שְׁבֹת שִׁבְתִי שִׁבְתוּ שבותנה / שְׁבֹתְנָה2

    1 Pronounced שבתתם / שָׁבַתֶּם and שבתתן / שָׁבַתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
    2 Rare in Modern Hebrew.

    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

    Root
    י־שׁ־ב (y-sh-b)
    17 terms

    Verb

    שֶׁבֶת • (shévet)

    1. bare infinitive (infinitive construct or gerund) of יָשַׁב (yasháv)

    Yiddish

    Etymology

    From Hebrew שַׁבָּת (shabát).

    Pronunciation

    • (YIVO, Northeastern, Poylish) IPA(key): [ˈʃa.bəs]
    • (Ukraynish) IPA(key): [ˈʃɔ.bəs]
    • (Western Yiddish) IPA(key): [ˈʃa.vəs]

    Noun

    שבת • (shabesm, plural שבתים (shabosem)

    1. Saturday
    2. Sabbath, Shabbat

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    See also