درس

According to Geiger meanings of interpreting pettily much, the meaning “deuteln”, specifically in Qurʔān 6:105 and Qurʔān 6:156, are a semantic loan from Hebrew דָּרַשׁ (dāráš).

• IPA^(key): /da.ra.sa/

• Audio:

  (file)

دَرَسَ • (darasa) I (non-past يَدْرُسُ (yadrusu), verbal noun دَرْس (dars) or دِرَاس (dirās) or دِرَاسَة (dirāsa))

1. to erase, to efface, to obliterate, to wipe out, to make hard to see
2. to thresh, to flail
   • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 30, Art. 7, page 416:

     وَأَمَّا المُصَنَّبُ فَيُؤْخَذُ الصِنَابُ الْحَدِيثُ وَيُجْتَنَبُ الْقَدِيمُ وَيُغْسَلُ حَبُّهُ بِالْمَاءِ الْعَذْبِ وَيُجَفَّفُ ثُمَّ يُدْرَسُ وَيُغَرْبَلُ ثُمَّ يُعْمَدُ إِلَى الْمُصْطَارِ الْحُلْوِ الْغَايَةِ فِي الْحَلَاوَةِ فَيُمْلِئ مِنْهُ خَابِيَةً وَيُقَسَّمُ ذٰلِكَ الصِنَابُ أَقْسَامًا ثَلَاثَةً وَيُجْعَلُ كُلُّ ثُلْثٍ فِي خَرِيطَةٍ وَيُرْبَطُ فِي قَصَبَةٍ مِثْلَ مَا تَقَدَّمَ وَيُذْرَى مِن ذٰلِكَ الصِنَابِ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْمُصْطَارِ فِي أَعْلَا الْخَابِيَةِ حَتَّى يُسْتَرَ وَيَنْعَقِدَ.

     wa-ʔammā l-muṣannabu fayuʔḵaḏu ṣ-ṣinābu l-ḥadīṯu wa-yujtanabu l-qadīmu wa-yuḡsalu ḥabbu-hū bi-l-māʔi l-ʕaḏbi wa-yujaffafu ṯumma yudrasu wa-yuḡarbalu ṯumma yuʕmadu ʔilā l-muṣṭāri l-ḥulwi l-ḡāyati fī l-ḥalāwati fa-yumliʔ min-hu ḵābiyatan wa-yuqassamu ḏālika ṣ-ṣinābu ʔaqsāman ṯalāṯatan wa-yujʕalu kullu ṯulṯin fī ḵarīṭatin wa-yurbaṭu fī qaṣabatin miṯla mā taqaddama wa-yuḏrā min ḏālika ṣ-ṣinābi ʕalā wajhi l-muṣṭāri fī ʔaʕlā l-ḵābiyati ḥattā yustara wa-yanʕaqida.

     In what concerns the mustard preparation, one takes new mustard, avoiding the old, and cleans its grains with sweet water and dries them, then one threshes and sieves it, thereafter puts it to must of utmost sweetness, and it fills from it a vessel, and this mustard is dealt into three portions, of which all thirds are transferred into a pouch tied up with a cane in the way said earlier, and from this mustard one sews onto the must’s surface in the upper part of the vessel until it is covered and thickens.

3. to study, to learn

   يَدْرُسُ ٱلْهَنْدَسَةَ فِي ٱلْجَامِعَةِ.

   yadrusu l-handasata fī l-jāmiʕati.

   He studies engineering at the university.

دَرَسَ • (darasa) I (non-past يَدْرُسُ (yadrusu), verbal noun دُرُوس (durūs))

1. to become erased, to become effaced, to become obliterated, to become wiped out, to become hard to see

• IPA^(key): /dar.ra.sa/

دَرَّسَ • (darrasa) II (non-past يُدَرِّسُ (yudarrisu), verbal noun تَدْرِيس (tadrīs))

1. (ditransitive) to teach, to educate

• IPA^(key): /dars/

دَرْس • (dars) m (plural دُرُوس (durūs))

1. verbal noun of دَرَسَ (darasa) (form I)
2. study, studies
3. lesson
4. class, class hour, period
5. lecture

• IPA^(key): /dirs/

دِرْس • (dirs) m (plural أَدْرَاس (ʔadrās))

1. relic, trace, mark (of a thing effaced)
2. tail

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “درس”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 433
• Geiger, Abraham (1833, 1902) Was hat Mohammed aus dem Judenthume aufgenommen? (in German), 2nd edition, Leipzig: M. W. Kaufmann, pages 50–51
• Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “درس”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 870–871.
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “درس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 321

From Arabic دَرْس (dars).

درس • (darsun)

1. lesson

• سبک (sabak)
• سبق (sabaq)

Borrowed from Arabic دَرْس (dars, “lesson, lecture”).

درس • (ders) (definite accusative درسی (dersi), plural دروس (dürus))

1. lesson, a section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided

   Synonym: سبق (sebek)

2. lecture, an oral presentation intended to present information about a particular subject

   Synonym: محاضره (muhâzara)

• Turkish: ders
• → Albanian: ders
• → Laz: დერსი (dersi)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: де̏рс

  Latin script: dȅrs

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “درس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 735
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ders”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1175
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “ders”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 210
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “درس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 569
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Lectio”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 928
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “درس”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 2055
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ders”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “درس”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 896

Borrowed from Arabic دَرْس (dars).

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

درس • (dars)

1. lesson

   Synonym: آموزه (âmuze)

   درس اول ― dars-e avval ― first lesson

2. lecture
3. (agriculture) threshing, act of separation of grain from the straw or husks by mechanical beating, with a flail or machinery.

• درس خواندن (dars xândan)

From Arabic دَرَسَ (darasa).

• IPA^(key): /da.ras/, [ˈda.ras]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

درس • (daras) I (present بدرس (bodros))

1. to study

   لازم ندرس الموضوع منيح. ― lāzem nodros il-mawḍūʕ mnīḥ. ― We must study the subject well.

2. (by extension) to learn

   Synonym: تعلم (tʕallam)

From Arabic دَرْس (dars).

• IPA^(key): /dars/, [dars]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

درس • (dars) m (plural دروس (drūs))

1. lesson
2. study