كنف

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

From the root ك ن ف (k n f), with some senses denominally derived from كَنِيف (kanīf, “a toilet”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ka.na.fa/

Verb

كَنَفَ • (kanafa) I (non-past يَكْنُفُ (yaknufu), verbal noun كَنْف (kanf) or كُنُوف (kunūf)) (transitive)

to enclose (an area); to fence
to confine (something or someone); to shut, lock, close, or fence in; to enclose
Synonyms: حَبَسَ (ḥabasa), حَجَرَ (ḥajara), حَجَزَ (ḥajaza), أَمْسَكَ (ʔamsaka)
to protect; to guard; to keep; to shelter
Synonyms: حَفَظَ (ḥafaẓa), حَمَى (ḥamā), صَانَ (ṣāna), سَتَرَ (satara)
1. to raise or treat as a relation (especially as one's child); to adopt
  Synonym: تَبَنَّى (tabannā)
to outspread (one's hands) like a bowl
Synonym: جَمَعَ (jamaʕa)
to supply (an area) with a toilet

Conjugation

Conjugation of **كَنَفَ** (I, sound, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal nouns **كَنْف**, *كُنُوف*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					كَنْف, كُنُوف kanf, kunūf
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					كَانِف kānif
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَكْنُوف maknūf
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كَنَفْتُ kanaftu	كَنَفْتَ kanafta	كَنَفَ kanafa	كَنَفْتُمَا kanaftumā	كَنَفَا kanafā	كَنَفْنَا kanafnā	كَنَفْتُمْ kanaftum	كَنَفُوا kanafū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	كَنَفْتُ kanaftu	كَنَفْتِ kanafti	كَنَفَتْ kanafat	كَنَفْتُمَا kanaftumā	كَنَفَتَا kanafatā	كَنَفْنَا kanafnā	كَنَفْتُنَّ kanaftunna	كَنَفْنَ kanafna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَكْنُفُ ʔaknufu	تَكْنُفُ taknufu	يَكْنُفُ yaknufu	تَكْنُفَانِ taknufāni	يَكْنُفَانِ yaknufāni	نَكْنُفُ naknufu	تَكْنُفُونَ taknufūna	يَكْنُفُونَ yaknufūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَكْنُفُ ʔaknufu	تَكْنُفِينَ taknufīna	تَكْنُفُ taknufu	تَكْنُفَانِ taknufāni	تَكْنُفَانِ taknufāni	نَكْنُفُ naknufu	تَكْنُفْنَ taknufna	يَكْنُفْنَ yaknufna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَكْنُفَ ʔaknufa	تَكْنُفَ taknufa	يَكْنُفَ yaknufa	تَكْنُفَا taknufā	يَكْنُفَا yaknufā	نَكْنُفَ naknufa	تَكْنُفُوا taknufū	يَكْنُفُوا yaknufū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَكْنُفَ ʔaknufa	تَكْنُفِي taknufī	تَكْنُفَ taknufa	تَكْنُفَا taknufā	تَكْنُفَا taknufā	نَكْنُفَ naknufa	تَكْنُفْنَ taknufna	يَكْنُفْنَ yaknufna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَكْنُفْ ʔaknuf	تَكْنُفْ taknuf	يَكْنُفْ yaknuf	تَكْنُفَا taknufā	يَكْنُفَا yaknufā	نَكْنُفْ naknuf	تَكْنُفُوا taknufū	يَكْنُفُوا yaknufū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَكْنُفْ ʔaknuf	تَكْنُفِي taknufī	تَكْنُفْ taknuf	تَكْنُفَا taknufā	تَكْنُفَا taknufā	نَكْنُفْ naknuf	تَكْنُفْنَ taknufna	يَكْنُفْنَ yaknufna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُكْنُفْ uknuf		اُكْنُفَا uknufā			اُكْنُفُوا uknufū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اُكْنُفِي uknufī		اُكْنُفَا uknufā			اُكْنُفْنَ uknufna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كُنِفْتُ kuniftu	كُنِفْتَ kunifta	كُنِفَ kunifa	كُنِفْتُمَا kuniftumā	كُنِفَا kunifā	كُنِفْنَا kunifnā	كُنِفْتُمْ kuniftum	كُنِفُوا kunifū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	كُنِفْتُ kuniftu	كُنِفْتِ kunifti	كُنِفَتْ kunifat	كُنِفْتُمَا kuniftumā	كُنِفَتَا kunifatā	كُنِفْنَا kunifnā	كُنِفْتُنَّ kuniftunna	كُنِفْنَ kunifna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُكْنَفُ ʔuknafu	تُكْنَفُ tuknafu	يُكْنَفُ yuknafu	تُكْنَفَانِ tuknafāni	يُكْنَفَانِ yuknafāni	نُكْنَفُ nuknafu	تُكْنَفُونَ tuknafūna	يُكْنَفُونَ yuknafūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُكْنَفُ ʔuknafu	تُكْنَفِينَ tuknafīna	تُكْنَفُ tuknafu	تُكْنَفَانِ tuknafāni	تُكْنَفَانِ tuknafāni	نُكْنَفُ nuknafu	تُكْنَفْنَ tuknafna	يُكْنَفْنَ yuknafna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُكْنَفَ ʔuknafa	تُكْنَفَ tuknafa	يُكْنَفَ yuknafa	تُكْنَفَا tuknafā	يُكْنَفَا yuknafā	نُكْنَفَ nuknafa	تُكْنَفُوا tuknafū	يُكْنَفُوا yuknafū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُكْنَفَ ʔuknafa	تُكْنَفِي tuknafī	تُكْنَفَ tuknafa	تُكْنَفَا tuknafā	تُكْنَفَا tuknafā	نُكْنَفَ nuknafa	تُكْنَفْنَ tuknafna	يُكْنَفْنَ yuknafna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُكْنَفْ ʔuknaf	تُكْنَفْ tuknaf	يُكْنَفْ yuknaf	تُكْنَفَا tuknafā	يُكْنَفَا yuknafā	نُكْنَفْ nuknaf	تُكْنَفُوا tuknafū	يُكْنَفُوا yuknafū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُكْنَفْ ʔuknaf	تُكْنَفِي tuknafī	تُكْنَفْ tuknaf	تُكْنَفَا tuknafā	تُكْنَفَا tuknafā	نُكْنَفْ nuknaf	تُكْنَفْنَ tuknafna	يُكْنَفْنَ yuknafna

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kanf/

Noun

كَنْف • (kanf) ?

verbal noun of كَنَفَ (kanafa) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun **كَنْف** (kanf)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	كَنْف kanf	الْكَنْف al-kanf	كَنْف kanf
nominative	كَنْفٌ kanfun	الْكَنْفُ al-kanfu	كَنْفُ kanfu
accusative	كَنْفًا kanfan	الْكَنْفَ al-kanfa	كَنْفَ kanfa
genitive	كَنْفٍ kanfin	الْكَنْفِ al-kanfi	كَنْفِ kanfi

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *kanap-; cognate with Akkadian 𒉺 (kappu^m, “wing, branch”), Hebrew כנף (kanáf, “wing”), Ge'ez ክንፍ (kənf, “wing, fin”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ka.naf/

Noun

كَنَف • (kanaf) m (plural أَكْنَاف (ʔaknāf))

(countable, of primates) the lateral part of the torso, the side
Synonym: حِضْن (ḥiḍn)
(countable, of avians or other winged animals) the lateral propelling organ, the wing
Synonym: جَنَاح (janāḥ)
(countable) a shadow
Synonym: ظِلّ (ẓill)
(uncountable) guardianship; protection; keeping; patronage
Synonyms: سِتْر (sitr), صَوْن (ṣawn), حِفْظ (ḥifẓ), حِمَاية (ḥimāya), رِعَايَة (riʕāya), عِنَايَة (ʕināya)

Hyponym: نَفَقَة (nafaqa, “financial support”)

Declension

Declension of noun **كَنَف** (kanaf)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	كَنَف kanaf	الْكَنَف al-kanaf	كَنَف kanaf
nominative	كَنَفٌ kanafun	الْكَنَفُ al-kanafu	كَنَفُ kanafu
accusative	كَنَفًا kanafan	الْكَنَفَ al-kanafa	كَنَفَ kanafa
genitive	كَنَفٍ kanafin	الْكَنَفِ al-kanafi	كَنَفِ kanafi

References

Баранов, Х. К. (2011) “كنف”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN
Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “كنف”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate.
Wehr, Hans (1960) “كنف”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Otto Harrassowitz