لون

Arabic

Root
ل و ن (l w n)
7 terms

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *lawn, from Proto-Afroasiatic *lwn-; cognate with Egyptian jwn.^[1]

Pronunciation

(noun): IPA^(key): /lawn/
(verb): IPA^(key): /law.wa.na/

Noun

لَوْن • (lawn) m (plural أَلْوَان (ʔalwān))

(countable, uncountable) color
الزُّهُورُ فِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلْحَدِيقَةِ مُتَنَوِّعَةُ ٱلْأَلْوَانِ وَتُضْفِي جَمَالًا خَاصًّا عَلَى ٱلْمَكَانِ.
az-zuhūru fī hāḏihi l-ḥadīqati mutanawwiʕatu l-ʔalwāni wa-tuḍfī jamālan ḵāṣṣan ʕalā l-makāni.
The flowers in this garden are diverse in colors and add a special beauty to the place.
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:69:
  قَالُوا ٱدْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّن لَنَا مَا لَوْنُهَا قَالَ إِنَّهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّهَا بَقَرَةٌ صَفْرَاءُ فَاقِعٌ لَوْنُهَا تَسُرُّ ٱلنَّاظِرِينَ
  qālū dʕu lanā rabbaka yubayyin lanā mā lawnuhā qāla ʔinnahu yaqūlu ʔinnahā baqaratun ṣafrāʔu fāqiʕun lawnuhā tasurru n-nāẓirīna
  They said, "Call upon your Lord to show us what is her color." He said, "He says, 'It is a yellow cow, bright in color – pleasing to the observers.'"
type, variety

Declension

Declension of noun **لَوْن** (lawn)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	لَوْن lawn	اللَّوْن al-lawn	لَوْن lawn
nominative	لَوْنٌ lawnun	اللَّوْنُ al-lawnu	لَوْنُ lawnu
accusative	لَوْنًا lawnan	اللَّوْنَ al-lawna	لَوْنَ lawna
genitive	لَوْنٍ lawnin	اللَّوْنِ al-lawni	لَوْنِ lawni
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	لَوْنَيْن lawnayn	اللَّوْنَيْن al-lawnayn	لَوْنَيْ lawnay
nominative	لَوْنَانِ lawnāni	اللَّوْنَانِ al-lawnāni	لَوْنَا lawnā
accusative	لَوْنَيْنِ lawnayni	اللَّوْنَيْنِ al-lawnayni	لَوْنَيْ lawnay
genitive	لَوْنَيْنِ lawnayni	اللَّوْنَيْنِ al-lawnayni	لَوْنَيْ lawnay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَلْوَان ʔalwān	الْأَلْوَان al-ʔalwān	أَلْوَان ʔalwān
nominative	أَلْوَانٌ ʔalwānun	الْأَلْوَانُ al-ʔalwānu	أَلْوَانُ ʔalwānu
accusative	أَلْوَانًا ʔalwānan	الْأَلْوَانَ al-ʔalwāna	أَلْوَانَ ʔalwāna
genitive	أَلْوَانٍ ʔalwānin	الْأَلْوَانِ al-ʔalwāni	أَلْوَانِ ʔalwāni

Descendants

Egyptian Arabic: لون (lūn)
Gulf Arabic: لون (lōn)
Hijazi Arabic: لون (lōn)
Maltese: lewn
Moroccan Arabic: لون (lūn)
→ Swahili: launi

Verb

لَوَّنَ • (lawwana) II (non-past يُلَوِّنُ (yulawwinu), verbal noun تَلْوِين (talwīn))

to colour, to paint

Conjugation

Conjugation of **لَوَّنَ** (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun *تَلْوِين*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَلْوِين talwīn
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُلَوِّن mulawwin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُلَوَّن mulawwan
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	لَوَّنْتُ lawwantu	لَوَّنْتَ lawwanta	لَوَّنَ lawwana	لَوَّنْتُمَا lawwantumā	لَوَّنَا lawwanā	لَوَّنَّا lawwannā	لَوَّنْتُمْ lawwantum	لَوَّنُوا lawwanū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	لَوَّنْتُ lawwantu	لَوَّنْتِ lawwanti	لَوَّنَتْ lawwanat	لَوَّنْتُمَا lawwantumā	لَوَّنَتَا lawwanatā	لَوَّنَّا lawwannā	لَوَّنْتُنَّ lawwantunna	لَوَّنَّ lawwanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُلَوِّنُ ʔulawwinu	تُلَوِّنُ tulawwinu	يُلَوِّنُ yulawwinu	تُلَوِّنَانِ tulawwināni	يُلَوِّنَانِ yulawwināni	نُلَوِّنُ nulawwinu	تُلَوِّنُونَ tulawwinūna	يُلَوِّنُونَ yulawwinūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُلَوِّنُ ʔulawwinu	تُلَوِّنِينَ tulawwinīna	تُلَوِّنُ tulawwinu	تُلَوِّنَانِ tulawwināni	تُلَوِّنَانِ tulawwināni	نُلَوِّنُ nulawwinu	تُلَوِّنَّ tulawwinna	يُلَوِّنَّ yulawwinna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُلَوِّنَ ʔulawwina	تُلَوِّنَ tulawwina	يُلَوِّنَ yulawwina	تُلَوِّنَا tulawwinā	يُلَوِّنَا yulawwinā	نُلَوِّنَ nulawwina	تُلَوِّنُوا tulawwinū	يُلَوِّنُوا yulawwinū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُلَوِّنَ ʔulawwina	تُلَوِّنِي tulawwinī	تُلَوِّنَ tulawwina	تُلَوِّنَا tulawwinā	تُلَوِّنَا tulawwinā	نُلَوِّنَ nulawwina	تُلَوِّنَّ tulawwinna	يُلَوِّنَّ yulawwinna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُلَوِّنْ ʔulawwin	تُلَوِّنْ tulawwin	يُلَوِّنْ yulawwin	تُلَوِّنَا tulawwinā	يُلَوِّنَا yulawwinā	نُلَوِّنْ nulawwin	تُلَوِّنُوا tulawwinū	يُلَوِّنُوا yulawwinū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُلَوِّنْ ʔulawwin	تُلَوِّنِي tulawwinī	تُلَوِّنْ tulawwin	تُلَوِّنَا tulawwinā	تُلَوِّنَا tulawwinā	نُلَوِّنْ nulawwin	تُلَوِّنَّ tulawwinna	يُلَوِّنَّ yulawwinna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		لَوِّنْ lawwin		لَوِّنَا lawwinā			لَوِّنُوا lawwinū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		لَوِّنِي lawwinī		لَوِّنَا lawwinā			لَوِّنَّ lawwinna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	لُوِّنْتُ luwwintu	لُوِّنْتَ luwwinta	لُوِّنَ luwwina	لُوِّنْتُمَا luwwintumā	لُوِّنَا luwwinā	لُوِّنَّا luwwinnā	لُوِّنْتُمْ luwwintum	لُوِّنُوا luwwinū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	لُوِّنْتُ luwwintu	لُوِّنْتِ luwwinti	لُوِّنَتْ luwwinat	لُوِّنْتُمَا luwwintumā	لُوِّنَتَا luwwinatā	لُوِّنَّا luwwinnā	لُوِّنْتُنَّ luwwintunna	لُوِّنَّ luwwinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُلَوَّنُ ʔulawwanu	تُلَوَّنُ tulawwanu	يُلَوَّنُ yulawwanu	تُلَوَّنَانِ tulawwanāni	يُلَوَّنَانِ yulawwanāni	نُلَوَّنُ nulawwanu	تُلَوَّنُونَ tulawwanūna	يُلَوَّنُونَ yulawwanūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُلَوَّنُ ʔulawwanu	تُلَوَّنِينَ tulawwanīna	تُلَوَّنُ tulawwanu	تُلَوَّنَانِ tulawwanāni	تُلَوَّنَانِ tulawwanāni	نُلَوَّنُ nulawwanu	تُلَوَّنَّ tulawwanna	يُلَوَّنَّ yulawwanna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُلَوَّنَ ʔulawwana	تُلَوَّنَ tulawwana	يُلَوَّنَ yulawwana	تُلَوَّنَا tulawwanā	يُلَوَّنَا yulawwanā	نُلَوَّنَ nulawwana	تُلَوَّنُوا tulawwanū	يُلَوَّنُوا yulawwanū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُلَوَّنَ ʔulawwana	تُلَوَّنِي tulawwanī	تُلَوَّنَ tulawwana	تُلَوَّنَا tulawwanā	تُلَوَّنَا tulawwanā	نُلَوَّنَ nulawwana	تُلَوَّنَّ tulawwanna	يُلَوَّنَّ yulawwanna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُلَوَّنْ ʔulawwan	تُلَوَّنْ tulawwan	يُلَوَّنْ yulawwan	تُلَوَّنَا tulawwanā	يُلَوَّنَا yulawwanā	نُلَوَّنْ nulawwan	تُلَوَّنُوا tulawwanū	يُلَوَّنُوا yulawwanū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُلَوَّنْ ʔulawwan	تُلَوَّنِي tulawwanī	تُلَوَّنْ tulawwan	تُلَوَّنَا tulawwanā	تُلَوَّنَا tulawwanā	نُلَوَّنْ nulawwan	تُلَوَّنَّ tulawwanna	يُلَوَّنَّ yulawwanna

References

^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 31

Chadian Arabic

Root
ل و ن
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic لَوْن (lawn).

Noun

لون • (lōn) m (plural ألوان (ʔalwān))

color

References

Heath, Judith, Mahadi, Mahamat Zene (2021) Lexique Arabe Tchadien-Français‎^[1] (in French), 11th edition, N'Djamena, Chad: SIL Chad, page 89

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic لَوْن (lawn).

Pronunciation

Noun

لون • (lūn) m (plural ألوان (alwā́n))

color

Gulf Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ل و ن
1 term

From Arabic لَوْن (lawn).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /loːn/

Noun

لون • (lōn) m (dual لونين (lōnēn), plural الوان (alwān))

color

Derived terms

شلون (šlōn, “how”) (univerbation of شنو (šinu, “what”) + لون (lōn).)

Etymology 2

Root
ل و ن
1 term

From Arabic لَوَّنَ (lawwana).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ləwːən/

Verb

لَوَّن • (lawwan) II (non-past يلون (ylawwin))

to color, to colorize

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ل و ن
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic لَوْن (lawn).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /loːn/, [lo̞ːn]

Noun

لون • (lōn) m (plural ألوان (ʔalwān))

color

Etymology 2

From Arabic لَوَّنَ (lawwana).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /law.wan/

Verb

لَوَّن • (lawwan) II (non-past يِلَوِّن (yilawwin))

to color, to paint

Conjugation

Conjugation of **لون**
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	لونت (lawwant)	لونت (lawwant)	لون (lawwan)	لوننا (lawwanna)	لونتوا (lawwantu)	لونوا (lawwanu)
past	f	لونت (lawwant)	لونتي (lawwanti)	لونت (lawwanat)	لوننا (lawwanna)	لونتوا (lawwantu)	لونوا (lawwanu)
non-past	m	ألون (ʔalawwin)	تلون (tilawwin)	يلون (yilawwin)	نلون (nilawwin)	تلونوا (tilawwinu)	يلونوا (yilawwinu)
non-past	f	ألون (ʔalawwin)	تلوني (tilawwini)	تلون (tilawwin)	نلون (nilawwin)	تلونوا (tilawwinu)	يلونوا (yilawwinu)
imperative	m		لون (lawwin)			لونوا (lawwinu)
imperative	f		لوني (lawwini)			لونوا (lawwinu)

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ل و ن
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic لَوْن (lawn).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /luːn/

Noun

لون • (lūn) m (plural ألوان (ʔalwān) or لوان (lwān))

color

Etymology 2

From Arabic لَوَّنَ (lawwana).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /law.wan/

Verb

لون • (lawwan) II (non-past يلون (ylawwan))

to color

Conjugation

Conjugation of **لون**
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	لوّنت (lawwant)	لوّنتي (lawwanti)	لوّن (lawwan)	لوّننا (lawwanna)	لوّنتوا (lawwantu)	لوّنوا (lawwnu)
past	f	لوّنت (lawwant)	لوّنتي (lawwanti)	لوّنت (lawwnāt)	لوّننا (lawwanna)	لوّنتوا (lawwantu)	لوّنوا (lawwnu)
non-past	m	نلوّن (nlawwan)	تلوّن (tlawwan)	يلوّن (ylawwan)	نلوّنوا (nlawwnu)	تلوّنوا (tlawwnu)	يلوّنوا (ylawwnu)
non-past	f	نلوّن (nlawwan)	تلوّني (tlawwni)	تلوّن (tlawwan)	نلوّنوا (nlawwnu)	تلوّنوا (tlawwnu)	يلوّنوا (ylawwnu)
imperative	m		لوّن (lawwan)			لوّنوا (lawwnu)
imperative	f		لوّني (lawwni)			لوّنوا (lawwnu)

Punjabi

Alternative forms

نُوݨ (nūṇ) (rare, dialectal)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Sanskrit लवण (lavaṇa)

Prakrit 𑀮𑁄𑀡 (loṇa)

Punjabi لُوݨ (lūṇ)

Inherited from Old Punjabi لوݨ (lōṇ /⁠lvn⁠/), from Prakrit 𑀮𑁄𑀡 (loṇa), from Sanskrit लवण (lavaṇá) (see for cognates).

Pronunciation

(Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /luːɳᵊ/
- (dialectal) IPA^(key): /luːnᵊ/

Noun

لُوݨ • (lūṇ) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਲੂਣ)

table salt
Synonym: نَمَک (namak)
- 1988, Altaf Gauhar, تَحْرِیریں چَنْد [taḥrīreṉ cand], Islamabad, →OCLC, page 28:
  میری روٹی وچ لُون نئیں ہوندا
  merī roṭī vicc lūṇ na'īṉ hondā
  My chapattis don't [usually] have salt
(chemistry) salt

Declension

Declension of **لون**
	singular	plural
direct	لُوݨ (lūṇ)	لُوݨ (lūṇ)
oblique	لُوݨ (lūṇ)	لُوݨاں (lūṇāṉ)
vocative	لُوݨا (lūṇā)	لُوݨو (lūṇo)
ablative	لُوݨوں (lūṇoṉ)	لُوݨاں (lūṇāṉ)
locative	لُوݨے (lūṇe)	لُوݨِیں (lūṇīṉ)
instrumental	لُوݨوں (lūṇoṉ)	–

Derived terms

لُوݨا (lūṇā, “salty”)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology 1

From Arabic لَوْن (lawn).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /loːn/, [loːn]
Audio (Ramallah): (file)

Noun

لون • (lōn) m (plural ألوان (alwān))

color
style, genre

Etymology 2

لو (law) +‎ إن (ʔinn-).

Conjunction

لونّـ • (lawenn-)

if (hypothetical condition; followed by a suffix pronoun)
Synonym: لو (law)
if only (followed by a suffix pronoun)

Inflection

Inflection of **لون**

base form			لونّـ (lawenn-)
Personal-pronoun including forms
	singular		plural
	m	f	plural
1^st person	لونّي (lawenni)		لونّا (lawenna)
2^nd person	لونّك (lawennak)	لونّك (lawennek)	لونكم (lawenkom)
3^rd person	لونّه (lawenno)	إلونها (lawenha)	لونهم (lawenhom)

ابيض (ʔabyɑḍ)	رمادى (rumādi)	اسود (ʔiswid)
احمر (ʔaḥmar); لعلى (laʕli)	برتقانى (burtuʔāni); بنى (bunni)	اصفر (ʔaṣfar); سمنى (samni)
لمونى (lamūni)	اخضر (ʔaḵḍar)	كرمبى (kurumbi); زيتى (zēti)
فروزى (farūzi); جنزارى (ginzāri)	لازوردى (lazawardi)	ازرق (ʔazraʔ)
بنفسجى (banafsigi); نيلى (nīli)	ارجوانى (ʔurguwāni); بتنجانى (bitingāni)	بمبى (bambi)

أبيض (ʔabyaḍ, “white”)	رمادي (ramādi, “grey”), سكني (sakani, “grey”)	أسود (ʔaswad, “black”)
أحمر (ʔaḥmar, “red”), خمري (ḵamri, “crimson”)	بردقاني (burdʔāni, “orange”); بني (binni, “brown”)	أصفر (ʔaṣfar, “yellow”)
	أخضر (ʔaḵḍar, “green”)
		أزرق (ʔazraʔ, “blue”), كحلي (kuḥli, “navy”)
بنفسجي (banafsaji, “violet”)	نهدي (nahdi, “purple”), ليلكي (lēlaki, “lilac”)	زهري (zahri, “pink”)

Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Descendants

Further reading

Verb

Conjugation

References

Chadian Arabic

Etymology

Noun

References

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

Gulf Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Punjabi

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

Etymology 2

Conjunction

Inflection

See also