مستقل
Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| ق ل ل (q l l) |
| 15 terms |
Etymology
Derived from the active participle of اِسْتَقَلَّ (istaqalla, “to be independent”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mus.ta.qill/
Adjective
مُسْتَقِلّ • (mustaqill) (feminine مُسْتَقِلَّة (mustaqilla), masculine plural مُسْتَقِلُّونَ (mustaqillūna), feminine plural مُسْتَقِلَّات (mustaqillāt))
- independent
- لُعْبَةٌ مُسْتَقِلَّةٌ هِيَ لُعْبَةٌ يَتِمُّ إِنْشَاؤُهَا مِنْ قِبَلِ فَرْدٍ أَوْ فَرِيقٍ صَغِيرٍ مِنْ دُونِ وُجُودِ دَعْمٍ مَالِيٍّ مِنْ نَاشِرِ أَلْعَابِ فِيدِيُو.
- luʕbatun mustaqillatun hiya luʕbatun yatimmu ʔinšāʔuhā min qibali fardin ʔaw farīqin ṣaḡīrin min dūni wujūdi daʕmin māliyyin min nāširi ʔalʕābi fīdiyū.
- An indie game is a video game created by an individual or a small team without the financial support of a game publisher.
- autonomous
- separate, distinct, particular
Declension
| singular | masculine | feminine | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | مُسْتَقِلّ mustaqill |
الْمُسْتَقِلّ al-mustaqill |
مُسْتَقِلَّة mustaqilla |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّة al-mustaqilla |
| nominative | مُسْتَقِلٌّ mustaqillun |
الْمُسْتَقِلُّ al-mustaqillu |
مُسْتَقِلَّةٌ mustaqillatun |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّةُ al-mustaqillatu |
| accusative | مُسْتَقِلًّا mustaqillan |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّ al-mustaqilla |
مُسْتَقِلَّةً mustaqillatan |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّةَ al-mustaqillata |
| genitive | مُسْتَقِلٍّ mustaqillin |
الْمُسْتَقِلِّ al-mustaqilli |
مُسْتَقِلَّةٍ mustaqillatin |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّةِ al-mustaqillati |
| dual | masculine | feminine | ||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | مُسْتَقِلَّيْن mustaqillayn |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّيْن al-mustaqillayn |
مُسْتَقِلَّتَيْن mustaqillatayn |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّتَيْن al-mustaqillatayn |
| nominative | مُسْتَقِلَّانِ mustaqillāni |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّانِ al-mustaqillāni |
مُسْتَقِلَّتَانِ mustaqillatāni |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّتَانِ al-mustaqillatāni |
| accusative | مُسْتَقِلَّيْنِ mustaqillayni |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّيْنِ al-mustaqillayni |
مُسْتَقِلَّتَيْنِ mustaqillatayni |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّتَيْنِ al-mustaqillatayni |
| genitive | مُسْتَقِلَّيْنِ mustaqillayni |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّيْنِ al-mustaqillayni |
مُسْتَقِلَّتَيْنِ mustaqillatayni |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّتَيْنِ al-mustaqillatayni |
| plural | masculine | feminine | ||
| sound masculine plural | sound feminine plural | |||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | مُسْتَقِلِّين mustaqillīn |
الْمُسْتَقِلِّين al-mustaqillīn |
مُسْتَقِلَّات mustaqillāt |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّات al-mustaqillāt |
| nominative | مُسْتَقِلُّونَ mustaqillūna |
الْمُسْتَقِلُّونَ al-mustaqillūna |
مُسْتَقِلَّاتٌ mustaqillātun |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّاتُ al-mustaqillātu |
| accusative | مُسْتَقِلِّينَ mustaqillīna |
الْمُسْتَقِلِّينَ al-mustaqillīna |
مُسْتَقِلَّاتٍ mustaqillātin |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّاتِ al-mustaqillāti |
| genitive | مُسْتَقِلِّينَ mustaqillīna |
الْمُسْتَقِلِّينَ al-mustaqillīna |
مُسْتَقِلَّاتٍ mustaqillātin |
الْمُسْتَقِلَّاتِ al-mustaqillāti |
Related terms
- اِسْتَقَلَّ (istaqalla)
- اِسْتِقْلَال (istiqlāl)
- اِسْتِقْلَالِيّ (istiqlāliyy)
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: müstəqil
- → Kumyk: мустакъил (mustaqil)
- → Persian: مستقل (mostaqell)
- → Ottoman Turkish: مستقل (müstakil)
- → Uyghur: مۇستەقىل (musteqil)
- → Uzbek: mustaqil
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic مُسْتَقِلّ (mustaqill).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /mus.ta.ˈqil/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [mʊs.t̪ʰä.qɪ́l]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [mos.t̪ʰæ.ʁél̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [mus.t̪ʰä.qíl]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | mustaqil |
| Dari reading? | mustaqil |
| Iranian reading? | mostaġel |
| Tajik reading? | mustaqil |
Adjective
| Dari | مستقل |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | мустақил |
مستقل • (mostaqel)
Related terms
- استقلال (esteqlâl, “independence”)
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian مُسْتَقِل (mustaqil), from Arabic مُسْتَقِلّ (mustaqill).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /mʊs.t̪ə.qɪl/
- Rhymes: -ɪl
- Hyphenation: مُس‧تَ‧قِل
Adjective
مُسْتَقِل • (mustaqil) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling मुस्तक़िल)
- permanent
- Antonym: عارْضی ('ārzī)
- firm; fixed; constant, immovable
- (by extension) separate, independent
- Antonym: ضِمْنی (zimnī)
- (by extension) complete
- (rare) durable
- (figuratively) steadfast, resolute
See also
Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root ق ل ل (0 c, 2 e)
Further reading
- “مستقل”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “مستقل”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “مستقل”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “مستقل”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- S. W. Fallon (1879) “مستقل”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
- John Shakespear (1834) “مستقل”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC