نغمة
Arabic
Etymology
Together with نَغْم (naḡm) of similar meaning, if this is not just the verbal noun of form I, borrowed from Aramaic ܢܶܥܡܐ (neʿmā), נעמתה / ܢܶܥܡܬ݂ܳܐ (neʿmṯā), reinterpreted after the root cognate to the Arabic ن ع م (n ʕ m) from Ancient Greek νεῦμα (neûma), mixed with πνεῦμα (pneûma), assuming the musical meanings of the neume term aren’t a loan from Semitic into Greek.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /naɣ.ma/
Noun
نَغْمَة • (naḡma) f (plural أَنْغَام (ʔanḡām) or أَنَاغِيم (ʔanāḡīm) or نَغَمَات (naḡamāt))
Declension
| singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | نَغْمَة naḡma |
النَّغْمَة an-naḡma |
نَغْمَة naḡmat |
| nominative | نَغْمَةٌ naḡmatun |
النَّغْمَةُ an-naḡmatu |
نَغْمَةُ naḡmatu |
| accusative | نَغْمَةً naḡmatan |
النَّغْمَةَ an-naḡmata |
نَغْمَةَ naḡmata |
| genitive | نَغْمَةٍ naḡmatin |
النَّغْمَةِ an-naḡmati |
نَغْمَةِ naḡmati |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | نَغْمَتَيْن naḡmatayn |
النَّغْمَتَيْن an-naḡmatayn |
نَغْمَتَيْ naḡmatay |
| nominative | نَغْمَتَانِ naḡmatāni |
النَّغْمَتَانِ an-naḡmatāni |
نَغْمَتَا naḡmatā |
| accusative | نَغْمَتَيْنِ naḡmatayni |
النَّغْمَتَيْنِ an-naḡmatayni |
نَغْمَتَيْ naḡmatay |
| genitive | نَغْمَتَيْنِ naḡmatayni |
النَّغْمَتَيْنِ an-naḡmatayni |
نَغْمَتَيْ naḡmatay |
| plural | basic broken plural triptote; basic broken plural diptote; sound feminine plural | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | أَنْغَام; أَنَاغِيم; نَغَمَات ʔanḡām; ʔanāḡīm; naḡamāt |
الْأَنْغَام; الْأَنَاغِيم; النَّغَمَات al-ʔanḡām; al-ʔanāḡīm; an-naḡamāt |
أَنْغَام; أَنَاغِيم; نَغَمَات ʔanḡām; ʔanāḡīm; naḡamāt |
| nominative | أَنْغَامٌ; أَنَاغِيمُ; نَغَمَاتٌ ʔanḡāmun; ʔanāḡīmu; naḡamātun |
الْأَنْغَامُ; الْأَنَاغِيمُ; النَّغَمَاتُ al-ʔanḡāmu; al-ʔanāḡīmu; an-naḡamātu |
أَنْغَامُ; أَنَاغِيمُ; نَغَمَاتُ ʔanḡāmu; ʔanāḡīmu; naḡamātu |
| accusative | أَنْغَامًا; أَنَاغِيمَ; نَغَمَاتٍ ʔanḡāman; ʔanāḡīma; naḡamātin |
الْأَنْغَامَ; الْأَنَاغِيمَ; النَّغَمَاتِ al-ʔanḡāma; al-ʔanāḡīma; an-naḡamāti |
أَنْغَامَ; أَنَاغِيمَ; نَغَمَاتِ ʔanḡāma; ʔanāḡīma; naḡamāti |
| genitive | أَنْغَامٍ; أَنَاغِيمَ; نَغَمَاتٍ ʔanḡāmin; ʔanāḡīma; naḡamātin |
الْأَنْغَامِ; الْأَنَاغِيمِ; النَّغَمَاتِ al-ʔanḡāmi; al-ʔanāḡīmi; an-naḡamāti |
أَنْغَامِ; أَنَاغِيمِ; نَغَمَاتِ ʔanḡāmi; ʔanāḡīmi; naḡamāti |
Derived terms
- نَغَمَ (naḡama) and نَغِمَ (naḡima, “to hum, to recite in a modulating voice”)
- نَغَّمَ (naḡḡama, “to recite melodiously”)
- نَاغِمَ (nāḡima, “to speak softly to”)
- تَنَغَّمَ (tanaḡḡama, “to recite melodiously”)
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: nəğmə
- → Kyrgyz: наама (naama)
- → Ottoman Turkish: نغمه (nağme)
- Turkish: nağme
- → Persian: نغمه (naġme)
- → Turkmen: nagma
- → Uyghur: نەغمە (neghme)
- → Uzbek: nagʻma
References
- “نغمة” in Almaany
- Freytag, Georg (1837) “نغمة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 306a–b
- Löw, Immanuel (1911) “Lexikalische Miszellen”, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes[2] (in German), volume 25, pages 190–193, Nr. 5, but there Imm. Löw and Theodor Nöldeke opine that the Arabic word is genuine, presumably because of skepticism about Arabic غ (ḡ) reflecting Aramaic ע / ܥ (ʿ), but Wiktionary has not few other examples in its lists of Aramaisms or Syriacisms in Arabic, and the acquaintance with Graeco-Arabica has also widened.
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “نغمة”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[3] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 1302–1303
- “nˁm2”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–