ܓܘܕܐ
See also: ܓܘܪܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Etymology 1
Inherited from Aramaic [Term?].
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): [ɡuddaː]
- (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [ɡuːdaː]
- (Urmia) IPA(key): [d͡ʒuːda]
Noun
ܓܘܼܕܵܐ • (gūdā) m sg (plural ܓܘܼܕܵܢܹ̈ܐ (guddānē))
- (architecture) wall (of a building)
- c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Acts 23:3:
- ܐ݇ܡܝܼܪ ܠܹܗ ܦܵܘܠܘܿܣ ܐܸܠܘܼܗܝ: «ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܡܵܚܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂، ܝܵܐ ܓܘܼܕܵܐ ܡܘܼܚܘܸܪܵܐ. ܐܲܢ݇ܬ ܕܝܬ݂ܝܼܒ݂ܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ ܒܸܕܝܵܢܝܼ ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܢܵܡܘܿܣܵܐ، ܒܢܲܦ̮ܫܘܼܟ݂ ܒܸܫܡܵܛܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ ܢܵܡܘܿܣܵܐ، ܟܲܕ݂ ܒܸܦܩܵܕ݂ܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ ܕܡܵܚܝܼ ܠܝܼ؟»
- mīr lēh pāwlōs ilūh: “allāhā bit māḥē lōḵ, yā gūdā mūḥwirrā. at diṯīḇā ìwet bidyānī ayḵ nāmōsā, bnafšōḵ bišmāṭā ìwet nāmōsā, kaḏ bipqāḏā ìwet dmāḥī lī?”
- Then Paul said to him, “God will strike you, you whitewashed wall! For you sit to judge me according to the law, and do you command me to be struck contrary to the law?”
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܓܘܼܕ (gud) | 1st person | ܓܘܼܕܝܼ (guddī) | ܓܘܼܕܲܢ (guddan) | |||
| construct | ܓܘܼܕ (gud) | 2nd person | ܓܘܼܕܘܼܟ݂ (gūdōḵ) | ܓܘܼܕܵܟ݂ܝ (guddāḵ) | ܓܘܼܕܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gūdawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܓܘܼܕܵܐ (gūdā) | 3rd person | ܓܘܼܕܹܗ (guddēh) | ܓܘܼܕܵܗ̇ (guddāh) | ܓܘܼܕܗܘܿܢ (guddhōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܝܼ̈ܢ (gūdānīn) | 1st person | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܝܼ̈ (guddānī) | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܲܢ̈ (guddānan) | |||
| construct | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܲܝ̈ (guddānay) | 2nd person | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (gūdānōḵ) | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (guddānāḵ) | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gūdānawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܹ̈ܐ (guddānē) | 3rd person | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܘܼ̈ܗܝ (guddānūh) | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (guddānōh) | ܓܘܼܕܵܢܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (gūdānayhōn) | |||
Etymology 2
Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac, from Aramaic גּוּדָא (guddā), from Middle Persian gwnd (gund, “army, troop”); compare Arabic جُنْد (jund).
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): [ɡuddaː]
Noun
ܓܘܼܕܵܐ • (gūdā) f (plural ܓܘܼܕܹ̈ܐ (guddē))
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܓܘܼܕ (gud) | 1st person | ܓܘܼܕܝܼ (guddī) | ܓܘܼܕܲܢ (guddan) | |||
| construct | ܓܘܼܕ (gud) | 2nd person | ܓܘܼܕܘܼܟ݂ (gūdōḵ) | ܓܘܼܕܵܟ݂ܝ (guddāḵ) | ܓܘܼܕܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gūdawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܓܘܼܕܵܐ (gūdā) | 3rd person | ܓܘܼܕܹܗ (guddēh) | ܓܘܼܕܵܗ̇ (guddāh) | ܓܘܼܕܗܘܿܢ (guddhōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܓܘܼܕܝܼ̈ܢ (gūdīn) | 1st person | ܓܘܼܕܝܼ̈ (guddī) | ܓܘܼܕܲܢ̈ (guddan) | |||
| construct | ܓܘܼܕܲܝ̈ (gudday) | 2nd person | ܓܘܼܕܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (gūdōḵ) | ܓܘܼܕܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (guddāḵ) | ܓܘܼܕܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gūdawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܓܘܼܕܹ̈ܐ (guddē) | 3rd person | ܓܘܼܕܘܼ̈ܗܝ (guddūh) | ܓܘܼܕܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (guddōh) | ܓܘܼܕܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (gūdayhōn) | |||
Derived terms
- ܓܘܼܕܵܐ ܡܘܿܣܝܼܩܵܪܵܝܬܵܐ (gūdā mōsīqārāytā)
Etymology 3
Related to ܓܲܘܕܵܐ (gawdā, “leather bottle”). Compare Akkadian 𒋢𒄖𒁺 (gūdu) and Georgian გუდა (guda), Aramaic loanwords.
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): [ɡuːðaː]
Noun
ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܐ • (gūḏā) m sg (plural ܓܘܼܕ݂ܹ̈ܐ (gūḏē))
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܓܘܼܕ݂ (gūḏ) | 1st person | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܝܼ (gūḏī) | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܲܢ (gūḏan) | |||
| construct | ܓܘܼܕ݂ (gūḏ) | 2nd person | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (gūḏōḵ) | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (gūḏāḵ) | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gūḏawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܐ (gūḏā) | 3rd person | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܹܗ (gūḏēh) | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܗ̇ (gūḏāh) | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܗܘܿܢ (guḏhōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢ (gūḏīn) | 1st person | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܝܼ̈ (gūḏī) | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܲܢ̈ (gūḏan) | |||
| construct | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܲܝ̈ (gūḏay) | 2nd person | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (gūḏōḵ) | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (gūḏāḵ) | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gūḏawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܹ̈ܐ (gūḏē) | 3rd person | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (gūḏūh) | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (gūḏōh) | ܓܘܼܕ݂ܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (gūḏayhōn) | |||
Derived terms
- ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܢܬܵܐ (gūḏāntā, “small churn”)
Classical Syriac
Etymology 1
From Middle Persian gwnd (gund, “army, troop”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡuddɑ] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ɡudde] (plural)
Noun
ܓܘܕܐ • (guddā) f (plural ܓܘܕܐ (guddē))
Usage notes
While the word is normally considered feminine, it also rarely occurs as masculine.
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܓܘܕ | 1st person | ܓܘܕܝ | ܓܘܕܢ | |||
| construct | ܓܘܕ | 2nd person | ܓܘܕܟ | ܓܘܕܟܝ | ܓܘܕܟܘܢ | ܓܘܕܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܓܘܕܐ | 3rd person | ܓܘܕܗ | ܓܘܕܗ | ܓܘܕܗܘܢ | ܓܘܕܗܝܢ | ||
| plural | absolute | ܓܘܕܝܢ | 1st person | ܓܘܕܝ | ܓܘܕܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܓܘܕܝ | 2nd person | ܓܘܕܝܟ | ܓܘܕܝܟܝ | ܓܘܕܝܟܘܢ | ܓܘܕܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܓܘܕܐ | 3rd person | ܓܘܕܘܗܝ | ܓܘܕܝܗ | ܓܘܕܝܗܘܢ | ܓܘܕܝܗܝܢ | ||
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡuddɑ] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ɡuddɑne] (plural)
Noun
ܓܘܕܐ • (guddā) m (plural ܓܘܕܢܐ (guddānē))
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܓܘܕ | 1st person | ܓܘܕܝ | ܓܘܕܢ | |||
| construct | ܓܘܕ | 2nd person | ܓܘܕܟ | ܓܘܕܟܝ | ܓܘܕܟܘܢ | ܓܘܕܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | 3rd person | ܓܘܕܗ | ܓܘܕܗ | ܓܘܕܗܘܢ | ܓܘܕܗܝܢ | |||
| plural | absolute | ܓܘܕܢܝܢ | 1st person | ܓܘܕܢܝ | ܓܘܕܢܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܓܘܕܢܝ | 2nd person | ܓܘܕܢܝܟ | ܓܘܕܢܝܟܝ | ܓܘܕܢܝܟܘܢ | ܓܘܕܢܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܓܘܕܢܐ | 3rd person | ܓܘܕܢܘܗܝ | ܓܘܕܢܝܗ | ܓܘܕܢܝܗܘܢ | ܓܘܕܢܝܗܝܢ | ||
Etymology 3
Compare Akkadian 𒋢𒄖𒁺 (gūdu), Georgian გუდა (guda).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡawdɑ] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ɡawde] (plural)
Noun
ܓܘܕܐ • (gawdā) f (plural ܓܘܕܐ (gawdē))
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܓܘܕ | 1st person | ܓܘܕܝ | ܓܘܕܢ | |||
| construct | ܓܘܕ | 2nd person | ܓܘܕܟ | ܓܘܕܟܝ | ܓܘܕܟܘܢ | ܓܘܕܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܓܘܕܐ | 3rd person | ܓܘܕܗ | ܓܘܕܗ | ܓܘܕܗܘܢ | ܓܘܕܗܝܢ | ||
| plural | absolute | ܓܘܕܝܢ | 1st person | ܓܘܕܝ | ܓܘܕܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܓܘܕܝ | 2nd person | ܓܘܕܝܟ | ܓܘܕܝܟܝ | ܓܘܕܝܟܘܢ | ܓܘܕܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܓܘܕܐ | 3rd person | ܓܘܕܘܗܝ | ܓܘܕܝܗ | ܓܘܕܝܗܘܢ | ܓܘܕܝܗܝܢ | ||
Further reading
- “gwd3”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “gwd4”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “gwd2”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 108a
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 44a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 62b–63a
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 211b