ܪܝܫܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Alternative forms

  • ܪܹܫܵܐ (rēšā)

Etymology

Inherited from Aramaic רֵישָׁא (rēšā), from Proto-Semitic *raʔš-; compare Arabic رَأْس (raʔs), Hebrew רֹאשׁ (rosh) and Akkadian 𒊕 (rēšum).

Pronunciation

  • (Standard) IPA(key): [reːʃɑː]
  • (Urmia) IPA(key): [riːʃɑː]

Noun

ܪܹܝܫܵܐ • (rēšā) m (plural ܪܹ̈ܝܫܹܐ (rēšē) or ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܹܐ (rēšānē) or ܪܹ̈ܝܫܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (rēšawwāṯā) or ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܬ݂ܵܐ (rēšāṯā))

  1. (anatomy) head
  2. leader, ruler, prefect, magistrate
    Synonyms: ܪܹܝܫܵܢܵܐ (rēšānā), ܫܲܠܝܼܛܵܐ (šalīṭā)
  3. summit, top, tip, point, edge, end
  4. beginning, front, starting point
  5. first, best, chief, principal, superior
  6. division of a discourse; heading, chapter, treatise
  7. (orthography) initial letter
    Antonym: ܥܸܩܒܵܐ (ˁiqbā)
  8. poll
  9. lid, cap
    Synonyms: ܦܘܼܟܪܵܐ (pukrā), ܩܲܦܲܚܬܵܐ (qappaḥtā)

Usage notes

The plural ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܹܐ (rēšānē) is only used for the sense of "rulers, prefects, magistrates"

Inflection

Inflection of ܪܹܝܫܵܐ
isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute ܪܹܝܫ (rēš) 1st person ܪܹܝܫܝܼ (rēšī) ܪܹܝܫܲܢ (rēšan)
construct ܪܹܝܫ (rēš) 2nd person ܪܹܝܫܘܼܟ݂ (rēšōḵ) ܪܹܝܫܵܟ݂ܝ (rēšāḵ) ܪܹܝܫܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (rēšawḵōn)
emphatic ܪܹܝܫܵܐ (rēšā) 3rd person ܪܹܝܫܹܗ (rēšēh) ܪܹܝܫܵܗ̇ (rēšāh) ܪܹܝܫܗܘܿܢ (rēšhōn)
plural absolute ܪܹ̈ܝܫܝܼܢ (rēšīn) 1st person ܪܹ̈ܝܫܝܼ (rēšī) ܪܹ̈ܝܫܲܢ (rēšan)
construct ܪܹ̈ܝܫܲܝ (rēšay) 2nd person ܪܹ̈ܝܫܘܼܟ݂ (rēšōḵ) ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܟ݂ܝ (rēšāḵ) ܪܹ̈ܝܫܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (rēšawḵōn)
emphatic ܪܹ̈ܝܫܹܐ (rēšē) 3rd person ܪܹ̈ܝܫܘܼܗܝ (rēšūh) ܪܹ̈ܝܫܘܼܗ̇ (rēšōh) ܪܹ̈ܝܫܲܝܗܘܿܢ (rēšayhōn)

Derived terms

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms

  • ܪܫܐ

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *raʔš-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [re(j)ʃɑ] (singular)
  • IPA(key): [re(j)ʃe], [re(j)ʃɑne] (plural)

Noun

ܪܝܫܐ • (rēšā) m (plural ܪܝܫܢܐ or ܪܝܫܐ)

  1. (anatomy) head, poll
  2. single person
  3. summit, top, tip, point, edge, end
  4. beginning, front, starting point
  5. first, best, chief, principal, superior
  6. preeminence, superiority
  7. ruler, prefect, magistrate
  8. division of a discourse; heading, chapter, treatise
  9. (orthography) initial letter
  10. capital city
  11. region
  12. (military) army, detachment, corps, military unit
  13. first fruits
  14. topic
  15. line
  16. poison, venom

Usage notes

The plural ܪܝܫܢܐ (rêšānē) is used for the sense of "magistrates" while the plural ܪܝܫܐ (rêšē) is used for all other senses.

Inflection

Inflection of ܪܝܫܐ
isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f m f
singular absolute ܪܝܫ 1st person ܪܝܫܝ ܪܝܫܢ
construct ܪܝܫ 2nd person ܪܝܫܟ ܪܝܫܟܝ ܪܝܫܟܘܢ ܪܝܫܟܝܢ
emphatic 3rd person ܪܝܫܗ ܪܝܫܗ ܪܝܫܗܘܢ ܪܝܫܗܝܢ
plural absolute ܪܝܫܢܝܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܢ 1st person ܪܝܫܢܝ ,ܪܝܫܝ ܪܝܫܢܝܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܢ
construct ܪܝܫܢܝ ,ܪܝܫܝ 2nd person ܪܝܫܢܝܟ ,ܪܝܫܝܟ ܪܝܫܢܝܟܝ ,ܪܝܫܝܟܝ ܪܝܫܢܝܟܘܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܟܘܢ ܪܝܫܢܝܟܝܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܟܝܢ
emphatic ܪܝܫܢܐ , 3rd person ܪܝܫܢܘܗܝ ,ܪܝܫܘܗܝ ܪܝܫܢܝܗ ,ܪܝܫܝܗ ܪܝܫܢܝܗܘܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܗܘܢ ܪܝܫܢܝܗܝܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܗܝܢ

References

  • “ryš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 345b
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 539b–540a
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 1462b–1463a

Turoyo

Alternative forms

  • ܪܶܫܳܐ (rešo)

Etymology

From Aramaic רישא (reʃɑ).

Noun

ܪܝܫܳܐ • (rišo) m

  1. (anatomy) head
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