ईक्षते

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ঈক্ষতে (Assamese script)
ᬈᬓ᭄ᬱᬢᬾ (Balinese script)
ঈক্ষতে (Bengali script)
𑰃𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰝𑰸 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀈𑀓𑁆𑀱𑀢𑁂 (Brahmi script)
ဤက္ၑတေ (Burmese script)
ઈક્ષતે (Gujarati script)
ਈਕ੍ਸ਼ਤੇ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌈𑌕𑍍𑌷𑌤𑍇 (Grantha script)
ꦇꦏ꧀ꦰꦠꦺ (Javanese script)
𑂆𑂍𑂹𑂭𑂞𑂵 (Kaithi script)
ಈಕ್ಷತೇ (Kannada script)
ឦក្ឞតេ (Khmer script)
ອີກ຺ຩເຕ (Lao script)
ഈക്ഷതേ (Malayalam script)
ᡳᡳᡬᢢᠠᢠᡝ (Manchu script)
𑘃𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘝𑘹 (Modi script)
ᠢᠢᢉᢔᠠᢐᠧ (Mongolian script)
𑦣𑦮𑧠𑧌𑦽𑧚 (Nandinagari script)
𑐃𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐟𑐾 (Newa script)
ଈକ୍ଷତେ (Odia script)
ꢅꢒ꣄ꢰꢡꢾ (Saurashtra script)
𑆆𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆠𑆼 (Sharada script)
𑖃𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖝𑖸 (Siddham script)
ඊක්‍ෂතෙ (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑩑𑩛𑩜 𑪙𑪀𑩫𑩔 (Soyombo script)
𑚃𑚊𑚶𑚙𑚲 (Takri script)
ஈக்ஷதே (Tamil script)
ఈక్షతే (Telugu script)
อีกฺษเต (Thai script)
ཨཱི་ཀྵ་ཏེ (Tibetan script)
𑒄𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒞𑒹 (Tirhuta script)
𑨀𑨁𑨊𑨋𑩇𑨯𑨙𑨄 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷsder.

Sanskrit ईक्षते (īkṣate)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₃i-h₃kʷs, a secondary present formation of *h₃ókʷs (“eye”), the latter whence अक्षि (akṣi, “eye”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /íːk.ʂɐ.tɐj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /iːk.ʂɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

ईक्ष॑ते • (ī́kṣate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, root ईक्ष्)

to see, look, view, behold
to gaze at, watch over
to regard, consider, observe
to foretell

Conjugation

Present: ईक्षते (ī́kṣate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षते ī́kṣate	ईक्षेते ī́kṣete	ईक्षन्ते ī́kṣante
Second	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षसे ī́kṣase	ईक्षेथे ī́kṣethe	ईक्षध्वे ī́kṣadhve
First	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षे ī́kṣe	ईक्षावहे ī́kṣāvahe	ईक्षामहे ī́kṣāmahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षताम् ī́kṣatām	ईक्षेताम् ī́kṣetām	ईक्षन्ताम् ī́kṣantām
Second	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षस्व ī́kṣasva	ईक्षेथाम् ī́kṣethām	ईक्षध्वम् ī́kṣadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षै ī́kṣai	ईक्षावहै ī́kṣāvahai	ईक्षामहै ī́kṣāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षेत ī́kṣeta	ईक्षेयाताम् ī́kṣeyātām	ईक्षेरन् ī́kṣeran
Second	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षेथाः ī́kṣethāḥ	ईक्षेयाथाम् ī́kṣeyāthām	ईक्षेध्वम् ī́kṣedhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षेय ī́kṣeya	ईक्षेवहि ī́kṣevahi	ईक्षेमहि ī́kṣemahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षाते / ईक्षातै ī́kṣāte / ī́kṣātai	ईक्षैते ī́kṣaite	ईक्षन्त / ईक्षान्तै ī́kṣanta / ī́kṣāntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षासे / ईक्षासै ī́kṣāse / ī́kṣāsai	ईक्षैथे ī́kṣaithe	ईक्षाध्वै ī́kṣādhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	ईक्षै ī́kṣai	ईक्षावहै ī́kṣāvahai	ईक्षामहै ī́kṣāmahai
Participles
	- -			ईक्षमाण ī́kṣamāṇa
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Imperfect: ऐक्षत (aikṣata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	ऐक्षत aikṣata	ऐक्षेताम् aikṣetām	ऐक्षन्त aikṣanta
Second	- -	- -	- -	ऐक्षथाः aikṣathāḥ	ऐक्षेथाम् aikṣethām	ऐक्षध्वम् aikṣadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	ऐक्षे aikṣe	ऐक्षावहि aikṣāvahi	ऐक्षामहि aikṣāmahi

Derived terms

Descendants

Pali: ikkhati
Prakrit: 𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (ikkhaï) (see there for further descendants)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “ईक्षते”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0170/1.
William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 09

Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “ईक्षते”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 203
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ī́kṣatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 73