ईष्टे

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

ईशे (ī́śe) — Vedic

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

ঈষ্টে (Assamese script)
ᬈᬱ᭄ᬝᬾ (Balinese script)
ঈষ্টে (Bengali script)
𑰃𑰬𑰿𑰘𑰸 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀈𑀱𑁆𑀝𑁂 (Brahmi script)
ဤၑ္ဋေ (Burmese script)
ઈષ્ટે (Gujarati script)
ਈਸ਼੍ਟੇ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌈𑌷𑍍𑌟𑍇 (Grantha script)
ꦇꦰ꧀ꦛꦺ (Javanese script)
𑂆𑂭𑂹𑂗𑂵 (Kaithi script)
ಈಷ್ಟೇ (Kannada script)
ឦឞ្ដេ (Khmer script)
ອີຩ຺ເຏ (Lao script)
ഈഷ്ടേ (Malayalam script)
ᡳᡳᢢᢞᡝ (Manchu script)
𑘃𑘬𑘿𑘘𑘹 (Modi script)
ᠢᠢᢔᢌᠧ (Mongolian script)
𑦣𑧌𑧠𑦸𑧚 (Nandinagari script)
𑐃𑐲𑑂𑐚𑐾 (Newa script)
ଈଷ୍ଟେ (Odia script)
ꢅꢰ꣄ꢜꢾ (Saurashtra script)
𑆆𑆰𑇀𑆛𑆼 (Sharada script)
𑖃𑖬𑖿𑖘𑖸 (Siddham script)
ඊෂ‍්ටෙ (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑩑𑩛𑪀 𑪙𑩦𑩔 (Soyombo script)
𑚃𑚶𑚔𑚲 (Takri script)
ஈஷ்டே (Tamil script)
ఈష్టే (Telugu script)
อีษฺเฏ (Thai script)
ཨཱི་ཥྚེ (Tibetan script)
𑒄𑒭𑓂𑒙𑒹 (Tirhuta script)
𑨀𑨁𑨊𑨯𑩇𑨔𑨄 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From earlier ईशे (ī́śe), originally a perfect, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HiHićay, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂e-h₂óyḱe ~ *h₂eh₂iḱḗr, reduplicated stative of *h₂eyḱ- (“to have, own”). Cognate with English own, owe, Danish eje.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /íːʂ.ʈɐj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /iːʂ.ʈeː/

Verb

ईष्टे • (ī́ṣṭe) third-singular indicative (class 2, type A, root ईश्)

to own, possess
to belong to
to dispose of, be valid or powerful
to be master of (with gen., or Ved. with gen. of an inf., or with a common inf., or the loc. of an abstract noun)
to command
to rule, reign
to behave like a master, allow

Conjugation

Present: ईष्टे (ī́ṣṭe) or ईशे (ī́śe) or ईशिते (īśite)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	ईष्टे / ईशे¹ / ईशिते³ ī́ṣṭe / ī́śe¹ / īśite³	ईशाते ī́śāte	ईशते / ईशिरे² ī́śate / ī́śire²
Second	- -	- -	- -	ईशिषे / ईक्षे² ī́śiṣe / ī́kṣe²	ईशाथे ī́śāthe	ईशिध्वे ī́śidhve
First	- -	- -	- -	ईशे ī́śe	ईश्वहे ī́śvahe	ईश्महे ī́śmahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	ईष्टाम् ī́ṣṭām	ईशाताम् ī́śātām	ईशताम् ī́śatām
Second	- -	- -	- -	ईशिष्व ī́śiṣva	ईशाथाम् ī́śāthām	ईशिध्वम् ī́śidhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	ईशै ī́śai	ईशावहै ī́śāvahai	ईशामहै ī́śāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	ईशीत ī́śīta	ईशीयाताम् ī́śīyātām	ईशीरन् ī́śīran
Second	- -	- -	- -	ईशीथाः ī́śīthāḥ	ईशीयाथाम् ī́śīyāthām	ईशीध्वम् ī́śīdhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	ईशीय ī́śīya	ईशीवहि ī́śīvahi	ईशीमहि ī́śīmahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	ईशते / ईशातै ī́śate / ī́śātai	ईशैते ī́śaite	ईशन्त / ईशान्तै ī́śanta / ī́śāntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	ईशसे / ईशासै ī́śase / ī́śāsai	ईशैथे ī́śaithe	ईशध्वे / ईशाध्वै ī́śadhve / ī́śādhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	ईशै ī́śai	ईशावहै ī́śāvahai	ईशामहै ī́śāmahai
Participles
	- -			ईशान / ईशान¹ ī́śāna / īśāná¹
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic, ²Rigvedic, ³Shvetashvatara Upanishad

Imperfect: ऐष्ट (aíṣṭa) or ऐश (aíśa)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	ऐष्ट / ऐश¹ aíṣṭa / aíśa¹	ऐशाताम् aíśātām	ऐशत aíśata
Second	- -	- -	- -	ऐष्ठाः aíṣṭhāḥ	ऐशाथाम् aíśāthām	ऐशिध्वम् aíśidhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	ऐशि aíśi	ऐश्वहि aíśvahi	ऐश्महि aíśmahi
Notes	¹Vedic

References

Monier Williams (1899) “ईश्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 171, column 1.
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 223