केश
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit केश (kéśa). Cognate with Marathi केस (kes).
Noun
केश • (keś) m (Urdu spelling کیش)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | केश keś |
केश keś |
| oblique | केश keś |
केशों keśõ |
| vocative | केश keś |
केशो keśo |
See also
- बाल (bāl)
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit केश (keśa, “hair”). Doublet of केस (kes).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /keɕ/
- Rhymes: -eɕ
- Hyphenation: केश
Noun
केश • (keś) m
Declension
| Declension of केश (masc cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
केश keś | ||
| direct plural |
केश keś | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
केश keś |
केश keś | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
केशा keśā |
केशां- keśān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
केशाला keśālā |
केशांना keśānnā | |
| ergative | केशाने, केशानं keśāne, keśāna |
केशांनी keśānnī | |
| instrumental | केशाशी keśāśī |
केशांशी keśānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
केशात keśāt |
केशांत keśāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
केशा keśā |
केशांनो keśānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of केश (masc cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
केशाचा keśāċā |
केशाचे keśāċe |
केशाची keśācī |
केशाच्या keśācā |
केशाचे, केशाचं keśāċe, keśāċa |
केशाची keśācī |
केशाच्या keśācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
केशांचा keśānċā |
केशांचे keśānċe |
केशांची keśāñcī |
केशांच्या keśāncā |
केशांचे, केशांचं keśānċe, keśānċa |
केशांची keśāñcī |
केशांच्या keśāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Derived terms
- केशपाश (keśpāś)
- केशवपन (keśavpan)
References
- दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “केश”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “केश”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- কেশ (Assamese script)
- ᬓᬾᬰ (Balinese script)
- কেশ (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰸𑰫 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑁂𑀰 (Brahmi script)
- ကေၐ (Burmese script)
- કેશ (Gujarati script)
- ਕੇਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌕𑍇𑌶 (Grantha script)
- ꦏꦺꦯ (Javanese script)
- 𑂍𑂵𑂬 (Kaithi script)
- ಕೇಶ (Kannada script)
- កេឝ (Khmer script)
- ເກຨ (Lao script)
- കേശ (Malayalam script)
- ᡬᡝᡧᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘎𑘹𑘫 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠧᠱᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦮𑧚𑧋 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑐾𑐱 (Newa script)
- କେଶ (Odia script)
- ꢒꢾꢯ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑆼𑆯 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖸𑖫 (Siddham script)
- කෙශ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩜𑩔𑩿 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚊𑚲𑚧 (Takri script)
- கேஶ (Tamil script)
- కేశ (Telugu script)
- เกศ (Thai script)
- ཀེ་ཤ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑒹𑒬 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨋𑨄𑨮 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *káyśas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káyćas ~ gáyćas. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬉𐬯𐬎 (gaēsu, “curls”), Middle Persian gys (gēs, “curl, locks”) (whence Persian گیس (gis), گیسو (gisu, “ringlet of hair, forelock, sidelock, curl”)), Northern Kurdish kezî (kazī), Northern Luri گؽس (gês), Ossetian гъес (ǧes), хъис (qis, “bristle”). Akin to Old Armenian գէս (gēs), an Iranian borrowing.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /kɐ́j.ɕɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /keː.ɕɐ/
Noun
केश • (kéśa) stem, m
- hair (of the head), locks of hair, tresses
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 6.137.2:
- अ॒भीशु॑ना॒ मेया॑ आसन्व्या॒मेना॑नु॒मेयाः॑।
केशा॑ न॒डा इ॑व वर्धन्तां शी॒र्ष्णस्ते॑ असि॒ताः परि॑ ॥- abhī́śunā méyā āsanvyāménānuméyāḥ.
kéśā naḍā́ iva vardhantāṃ śīrṣṇáste asitā́ḥ pári. - They might be measured with a rein or measurable with both extended arms.
Let the black locks spring thick and strong and grow like reeds upon thy head.
- abhī́śunā méyā āsanvyāménānuméyāḥ.
- अ॒भीशु॑ना॒ मेया॑ आसन्व्या॒मेना॑नु॒मेयाः॑।
- the mane (of a horse or lion)
- a kind of perfume
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | केशः (kéśaḥ) | केशौ (kéśau) केशा¹ (kéśā¹) |
केशाः (kéśāḥ) केशासः¹ (kéśāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | केशम् (kéśam) | केशौ (kéśau) केशा¹ (kéśā¹) |
केशान् (kéśān) |
| instrumental | केशेन (kéśena) | केशाभ्याम् (kéśābhyām) | केशैः (kéśaiḥ) केशेभिः¹ (kéśebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | केशाय (kéśāya) | केशाभ्याम् (kéśābhyām) | केशेभ्यः (kéśebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | केशात् (kéśāt) | केशाभ्याम् (kéśābhyām) | केशेभ्यः (kéśebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | केशस्य (kéśasya) | केशयोः (kéśayoḥ) | केशानाम् (kéśānām) |
| locative | केशे (kéśe) | केशयोः (kéśayoḥ) | केशेषु (kéśeṣu) |
| vocative | केश (kéśa) | केशौ (kéśau) केशा¹ (kéśā¹) |
केशाः (kéśāḥ) केशासः¹ (kéśāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
Descendants
- Assamese: কেশ (kex)
- Bengali: কেশ (keś)
- Chakma: 𑄇𑄬𑄌𑄴 (kec)
- Hindi: केश (keś)
- Kannada: ಕೇಶ (kēśa)
- Marathi: केस (kes), केश (keś)
- Odia: କେଶ (keśa)
- Tamil: கேசம் (kēcam)
- Telugu: కేశము (kēśamu)
- Urdu: کیش (keś)
- Punjabi: ਕੇਸ (kes), ਕੇਸ਼ (keś)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “केश”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 310, column 1.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “kéśa-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 410