कोश

Hindi

Alternative forms

कोष (koṣ)

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit कोश (kośa).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /koːʃ/

Noun

कोश • (koś) m (Urdu spelling کوش)

treasury, store
dictionary, lexicon
Synonym: शब्दकोश (śabdakoś)

Declension

Declension of *कोश* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	कोश koś	कोश koś
oblique	कोश koś	कोशों kośõ
vocative	कोश koś	कोशो kośo

Derived terms

अंडकोष (aṇḍkoṣ)
कोशकला (kośaklā)
कोशिका (kośikā)
ज्ञानकोष (jñānkoṣ)
विश्वकोश (viśvakoś)
शब्दकोश (śabdakoś)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

कोष (koṣa) — in Classical period

Alternative scripts

কোশ (Assamese script)
ᬓᭀᬰ (Balinese script)
কোশ (Bengali script)
𑰎𑰺𑰫 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀓𑁄𑀰 (Brahmi script)
ကောၐ (Burmese script)
કોશ (Gujarati script)
ਕੋਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌕𑍋𑌶 (Grantha script)
ꦏꦺꦴꦯ (Javanese script)
𑂍𑂷𑂬 (Kaithi script)
ಕೋಶ (Kannada script)
កោឝ (Khmer script)
ໂກຨ (Lao script)
കോശ (Malayalam script)
ᡬᠣᡧᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘎𑘻𑘫 (Modi script)
ᢉᠣᠸᠠᠱᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦮𑧜𑧋 (Nandinagari script)
𑐎𑑀𑐱 (Newa script)
କୋଶ (Odia script)
ꢒꣂꢯ (Saurashtra script)
𑆑𑆾𑆯 (Sharada script)
𑖎𑖺𑖫 (Siddham script)
කොශ (Sinhalese script)
𑩜𑩕𑩿 (Soyombo script)
𑚊𑚴𑚧 (Takri script)
கோஶ (Tamil script)
కోశ (Telugu script)
โกศ (Thai script)
ཀོ་ཤ (Tibetan script)
𑒏𑒼𑒬 (Tirhuta script)
𑨋𑨆𑨮 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Probably from the verb कुश्यति (kuśyati, “to embrace, enfold”), related to कुक्षि (kukṣí, “belly, interior”) and कोष्ठ (koṣṭha, “viscera of the body”), or from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káwćas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kówH-ḱo-s, probably from *(s)kewH-. Compare Kamkata-viri kuć, kyuć, Lithuanian káušas.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɐw.ɕɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /koː.ɕɐ/

Noun

कोश • (kóśa) stem, m or n

cask, vessel for holding liquids, (metaphorically) cloud
- RV 3.32.15
  आपूर्णो अस्य कलशः सवाहा सेक्तेव कोशं सिसिचे पिबध्यै |
  
  समु परिया आवव्र्त्रन मदाय परदक्षिणिदभि सोमासैन्द्रम ||
  āpūrṇo asya kalaśaḥ svāhā sekteva kośaṃ sisice pibadhyai |
  
  samu priyā āvavṛtran madāya pradakṣiṇidabhi somāsaindram||
  Full is his chalice: Glory! Like a pourer I have filled up the vessel for his drinking.
  
  Presented on the right, dear Soma juices have brought us Indra, to rejoice him, hither.
pail, bucket
- RV 9.76.5
  वर्षेव यूथा परि कोशमर्षस्यपामुपस्थे वर्षभः कनिक्रदत |
  
  स इन्द्राय पवसे मत्सरिन्तमो यथा जेषाम समिथे तवोतयः ||
  vṛṣeva yūthā pari kośamarṣasyapāmupasthe vṛṣabhaḥ kanikradat |
  
  sa indrāya pavase matsarintamo yathā jeṣāma samithe tvotayaḥ ||
  Like as a bull to herds, thou flowest to the pail, bellowing as a steer upon the water's lap.
  
  So, best of Cheerers, thou for Indra flowest on that we, with thy protection, may o’ercome in fight.
drinking-vessel, cup
box, cupboard, drawer, trunk
- RV 6.47.22
  परस्तोक इन नु राधसस्त इन्द्र दश कोशयीर्दश वाजिनो.अदात |
  
  दिवोदासादतिथिग्वस्य राधः शाम्बरं वसु परत्यग्रभीष्म ||
  prastoka in nu rādhasasta indra daśa kośayīrdaśa vājino.adāt |
  
  divodāsādatithighvasya rādhaḥ śāmbaraṃ vasu pratyaghrabhīṣma ||
  Out of thy bounty, Indra, hath Prastoka bestowed ten coffers and ten mettled horses.
  
  We have received in turn from Divodāsa Śambara's wealth, the gift of Atithigva.
the interior or inner part of a carriage
sheath, scabbard
case, covering, cover
store-room, store, provisions
treasury, apartment where money or plate is kept, treasure, accumulated wealth (gold or silver, wrought or unwrought, as plate, jewellery, etc.)
(medicine) a kind of bandage
dictionary, lexicon or vocabulary - kosha
poetical collection, collection of sentences
(botany) bud, flower-cup, seed-vessel
बीजकोश ― bījakośa ― seed-vessel
(botany) the sheath or integument of a plant, pod, nut-shell
nutmeg
the inner part of the fruit of Artocarpus integrifolia and of similar fruits
silk-worm cocoon
the membrane covering an egg (in the womb)
(anatomy) vulva
(anatomy) testicle, scrotum
(anatomy) penis
egg
(in Vedânta philosophy) kosha: a term for the three sheaths or succession of cases which make up the various frames of the body enveloping the soul
(at the end of a compound) a ball or globe
सूत्रकोश ― sūtrakośa ― a ball of thread

नेत्रकोश ― netrakośa ― the eye-ball
the water used at an ordeal or judicial trial (the defendant drinks thrice of it after some idol has been washed in it)
oath
a cup used in the ratification of a treaty of peace
कोशंपिबति ― kośaṃ-√pā ― to drink from that cup
name of a particular conjunction of planets
name of the 2nd astrological mansion
(Buddhism) name of a collection of Gāthā verses

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of कोश
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	कोशः (kóśaḥ)	कोशौ (kóśau) कोशा¹ (kóśā¹)	कोशाः (kóśāḥ) कोशासः¹ (kóśāsaḥ¹)
accusative	कोशम् (kóśam)	कोशौ (kóśau) कोशा¹ (kóśā¹)	कोशान् (kóśān)
instrumental	कोशेन (kóśena)	कोशाभ्याम् (kóśābhyām)	कोशैः (kóśaiḥ) कोशेभिः¹ (kóśebhiḥ¹)
dative	कोशाय (kóśāya)	कोशाभ्याम् (kóśābhyām)	कोशेभ्यः (kóśebhyaḥ)
ablative	कोशात् (kóśāt)	कोशाभ्याम् (kóśābhyām)	कोशेभ्यः (kóśebhyaḥ)
genitive	कोशस्य (kóśasya)	कोशयोः (kóśayoḥ)	कोशानाम् (kóśānām)
locative	कोशे (kóśe)	कोशयोः (kóśayoḥ)	कोशेषु (kóśeṣu)
vocative	कोश (kóśa)	कोशौ (kóśau) कोशा¹ (kóśā¹)	कोशाः (kóśāḥ) कोशासः¹ (kóśāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of कोश
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	कोशम् (kóśam)	कोशे (kóśe)	कोशानि (kóśāni) कोशा¹ (kóśā¹)
accusative	कोशम् (kóśam)	कोशे (kóśe)	कोशानि (kóśāni) कोशा¹ (kóśā¹)
instrumental	कोशेन (kóśena)	कोशाभ्याम् (kóśābhyām)	कोशैः (kóśaiḥ) कोशेभिः¹ (kóśebhiḥ¹)
dative	कोशाय (kóśāya)	कोशाभ्याम् (kóśābhyām)	कोशेभ्यः (kóśebhyaḥ)
ablative	कोशात् (kóśāt)	कोशाभ्याम् (kóśābhyām)	कोशेभ्यः (kóśebhyaḥ)
genitive	कोशस्य (kóśasya)	कोशयोः (kóśayoḥ)	कोशानाम् (kóśānām)
locative	कोशे (kóśe)	कोशयोः (kóśayoḥ)	कोशेषु (kóśeṣu)
vocative	कोश (kóśa)	कोशे (kóśe)	कोशानि (kóśāni) कोशा¹ (kóśā¹)

¹Vedic

Derived terms

कोशकार (kośakāra)
कोशकारक (kośakāraka)
कोशकारकीट (kośakārakīṭa)
कोशकारवसन (kośakāravasana)
कोशकारिका (kośakārikā)
कोशकारी (kośakārī)
कोशकालिन् (kośakālin)
कोशकाली (kośakālī)
कोशकृत् (kośakṛt)
कोशगृह (kośagṛha)
कोशग्रहण (kośagrahaṇa)
कोशचञ्चु (kośacañcu)
कोशज (kośaja)
कोशजात (kośajāta)
कोशदास (kośadāsa)
कोशधान्य (kośadhānya)
कोशधावन (kośadhāvana)
कोशनायक (kośanāyaka)
कोशपाल (kośapāla)
कोशपीथिन् (kośapīthin)
कोशपेटक (kośapeṭaka)
कोशफल (kośaphala)
कोशफला (kośaphalā)
कोशभूता (kośabhūtā)
कोशरक्षिन् (kośarakṣin)
कोशवती (kośavatī)
कोशवत् (kośavat)
कोशवारि (kośavāri)
कोशवासिन् (kośavāsin)
कोशवाहन (kośavāhana)
कोशवृद्धि (kośavṛddhi)
कोशवेश्मन् (kośaveśman)
कोशशायिका (kośaśāyikā)
कोशशुद्धि (kośaśuddhi)
कोशस्कृत् (kośaskṛt)
कोशस्थ (kośastha)
कोशहीन (kośahīna)
कौशेय (kauśeya)

Descendants

→ Assamese: কোশ (küx)
→ Bengali: কোশ (kōś), কোষ (kōś)
→ English: kosha
→ Hindi: कोश (koś)
→ Malay: kosa
- Indonesian: kosa
Nepali: कोश् (koś) / कोसो (koso)
→ Odia: କୋଷ (koṣa)
Sindhi: ڪوشُ
→ Tamil: கோசம் (kōcam)
→ Telugu: కోశము (kōśamu)
→ Thai: โกศ (gòot)
Pali: kosa
→ Punjabi: ਕੋਸ਼ (koś, “store, glossary, lexicon”)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “कोश”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0314/1.
“कोश” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 134.
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “कोश”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 075
Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 252
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 403-404