क्लेश
Hindi
Alternative forms
- कलेस (kales), किलेस (kiles) — dialectal
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit क्लेश (kleśa). Doublet of कलेस (kales).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /kleːʃ/
Noun
क्लेश • (kleś) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | क्लेश kleś |
क्लेश kleś |
| oblique | क्लेश kleś |
क्लेशों kleśõ |
| vocative | क्लेश kleś |
क्लेशो kleśo |
Derived terms
- क्लेशित (kleśit, “distressed”)
- क्लेश करना (kleś karnā, “to afflict, distress”)
- क्लेश देना (kleś denā, “to afflict, distress”)
- क्लेशमय (kleśmay, “distressful”)
Related terms
- किलसना (kilasnā)
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “क्लेश”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- ক্লেশ (Assamese script)
- ᬓ᭄ᬮᬾᬰ (Balinese script)
- ক্লেশ (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰿𑰩𑰸𑰫 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀰 (Brahmi script)
- က္လေၐ (Burmese script)
- ક્લેશ (Gujarati script)
- ਕ੍ਲੇਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌕𑍍𑌲𑍇𑌶 (Grantha script)
- ꦏ꧀ꦭꦺꦯ (Javanese script)
- 𑂍𑂹𑂪𑂵𑂬 (Kaithi script)
- ಕ್ಲೇಶ (Kannada script)
- ក្លេឝ (Khmer script)
- ກ຺ເລຨ (Lao script)
- ക്ലേശ (Malayalam script)
- ᡬᠯᡝᡧᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘎𑘿𑘩𑘹𑘫 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠯᠧᠱᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦮𑧠𑧉𑧚𑧋 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑑂𑐮𑐾𑐱 (Newa script)
- କ୍ଲେଶ (Odia script)
- ꢒ꣄ꢭꢾꢯ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑇀𑆬𑆼𑆯 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖿𑖩𑖸𑖫 (Siddham script)
- ක්ලෙශ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩜 𑪙𑩽𑩔𑩿 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚊𑚶𑚥𑚲𑚧 (Takri script)
- க்லேஶ (Tamil script)
- క్లేశ (Telugu script)
- กฺเลศ (Thai script)
- ཀླེ་ཤ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑓂𑒪𑒹𑒬 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨋𑩇𑨬𑨄𑨮 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From the root क्लिश् (kliś, “to torment, trouble, suffer”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /klɐj.ɕɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /kl̪eː.ɕɐ/
Noun
क्लेश • (kleśa) stem, m
- pain, affliction, distress, pain from disease, anguish
- (Hinduism, Buddhism) in yoga, the five kleśas are named avidyā 'ignorance', asmitā 'egotism', rāga 'desire', dveśa 'aversion' and abhiniveśa 'tenacity of mundane existence'
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) | क्लेशौ (kleśau) क्लेशा¹ (kleśā¹) |
क्लेशाः (kleśāḥ) क्लेशासः¹ (kleśāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | क्लेशम् (kleśam) | क्लेशौ (kleśau) क्लेशा¹ (kleśā¹) |
क्लेशान् (kleśān) |
| instrumental | क्लेशेन (kleśena) | क्लेशाभ्याम् (kleśābhyām) | क्लेशैः (kleśaiḥ) क्लेशेभिः¹ (kleśebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | क्लेशाय (kleśāya) | क्लेशाभ्याम् (kleśābhyām) | क्लेशेभ्यः (kleśebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | क्लेशात् (kleśāt) | क्लेशाभ्याम् (kleśābhyām) | क्लेशेभ्यः (kleśebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | क्लेशस्य (kleśasya) | क्लेशयोः (kleśayoḥ) | क्लेशानाम् (kleśānām) |
| locative | क्लेशे (kleśe) | क्लेशयोः (kleśayoḥ) | क्लेशेषु (kleśeṣu) |
| vocative | क्लेश (kleśa) | क्लेशौ (kleśau) क्लेशा¹ (kleśā¹) |
क्लेशाः (kleśāḥ) क्लेशासः¹ (kleśāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “क्लेश”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0324.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “क्लेश”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “क्लेश”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016