ग्लानि
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit ग्लानि (glāní).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɡlɑː.niː/, [ɡläː.niː]
Noun
ग्लानि • (glāni) f (Urdu spelling گلانی)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | ग्लानि glāni |
ग्लानियाँ glāniyā̃ |
| oblique | ग्लानि glāni |
ग्लानियों glāniyõ |
| vocative | ग्लानि glāni |
ग्लानियो glāniyo |
Related terms
- आत्मग्लानि (ātmaglāni)
Further reading
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “ग्लानि”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- Platts, John T. (1884) “ग्लानि”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “ग्लानि”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- “گلانی”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- গ্লানি (Assamese script)
- ᬕ᭄ᬮᬵᬦᬶ (Balinese script)
- গ্লানি (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰿𑰩𑰯𑰡𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀦𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ဂ္လါနိ (Burmese script)
- ગ્લાનિ (Gujarati script)
- ਗ੍ਲਾਨਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌗𑍍𑌲𑌾𑌨𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦒ꧀ꦭꦴꦤꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂏𑂹𑂪𑂰𑂢𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ಗ್ಲಾನಿ (Kannada script)
- គ្លានិ (Khmer script)
- ຄ຺ລານິ (Lao script)
- ഗ്ലാനി (Malayalam script)
- ᡤᠯᠠ᠊ᠠᠨᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘐𑘿𑘩𑘰𑘡𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠯᠠᢗᠨᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦰𑧠𑧉𑧑𑧁𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑑂𑐮𑐵𑐣𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଗ୍ଲାନି (Odia script)
- ꢔ꣄ꢭꢵꢥꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑇀𑆬𑆳𑆤𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖿𑖩𑖯𑖡𑖰 (Siddham script)
- ග්ලානි (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩞 𑪙𑩽𑩛𑩯𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚌𑚶𑚥𑚭𑚝𑚮 (Takri script)
- க்³லாநி (Tamil script)
- గ్లాని (Telugu script)
- คฺลานิ (Thai script)
- གླཱ་ནི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑓂𑒪𑒰𑒢𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨍𑩇𑨬𑨊𑨝𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From the root ग्लै (glai, “to be weary, to be reluctant, to feel averse”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to suffer”). Cognate with Lithuanian gėlà (“pain”), Proto-Germanic *kwelaną (“to suffer”), Old Irish at-baill (“to die”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡlɑː.ní/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɡl̪ɑː.n̪i/
Noun
ग्लानि • (glāní) stem, f
- exhaustion, fatigue, sickness
- decrease, decline
- c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā Chapter IV.7:
- यदा यदा हि धर्मस्य ग्लानिर् भवति भारत।
अभ्युत्थानम् अधर्मस्य तदात्मानं सृजाम्य् अहम् ॥- yadā yadā hi dharmasya glānir bhavati bhārata.
abhyutthānam adharmasya tadātmānaṃ sṛjāmy aham. - [And the Lord said:] "Whenever and wherever there is a decline in Dharma and a predominant rise of immoral and unethical behaviour, O Bhārata, at that time I manifest myself."
- yadā yadā hi dharmasya glānir bhavati bhārata.
- यदा यदा हि धर्मस्य ग्लानिर् भवति भारत।
- debility
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ग्लानिः (glāníḥ) | ग्लानी (glānī́) | ग्लानयः (glānáyaḥ) |
| accusative | ग्लानिम् (glāním) | ग्लानी (glānī́) | ग्लानीः (glānī́ḥ) |
| instrumental | ग्लान्या (glānyā́) ग्लानी¹ (glānī́¹) |
ग्लानिभ्याम् (glāníbhyām) | ग्लानिभिः (glāníbhiḥ) |
| dative | ग्लानये (glānáye) ग्लान्यै² (glānyaí²) ग्लानी¹ (glānī́¹) |
ग्लानिभ्याम् (glāníbhyām) | ग्लानिभ्यः (glāníbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ग्लानेः (glānéḥ) ग्लान्याः² (glānyā́ḥ²) ग्लान्यै³ (glānyaí³) |
ग्लानिभ्याम् (glāníbhyām) | ग्लानिभ्यः (glāníbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ग्लानेः (glānéḥ) ग्लान्याः² (glānyā́ḥ²) ग्लान्यै³ (glānyaí³) |
ग्लान्योः (glānyóḥ) | ग्लानीनाम् (glānīnā́m) |
| locative | ग्लानौ (glānaú) ग्लान्याम्² (glānyā́m²) ग्लाना¹ (glānā́¹) |
ग्लान्योः (glānyóḥ) | ग्लानिषु (glāníṣu) |
| vocative | ग्लाने (glā́ne) | ग्लानी (glā́nī) | ग्लानयः (glā́nayaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Later Sanskrit
- ³Brāhmaṇas
Derived terms
- आत्मग्लानि (ātmaglāni) (New Sanskrit)
Descendants
- Prakrit: 𑀕𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀦𑀺 (gilāni)
- → Assamese: গ্লানি (glani)
- → Bengali: গ্লানি (glani)
- → Gujarati: ગ્લાનિ (glāni)
- → Hindustani: glāni
- → Kannada: ಗ್ಲಾನಿ (glāni)
- → Malayalam: ഗ്ലാനി (glāni)
- → Marathi: ग्लानी (glānī)
- → Odia: ଗ୍ଲାନି (glāni)
- → Telugu: గ్లాని (glāni)
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “ग्लानि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 374.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “glāní”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 828
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “ग्लानि”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 682
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “glāni”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.